Lymphedema - Intro

Question 1

Lymphedema

Answer 1

abnormal accumulation of protein rich fluid in the interstitium

causes chronic inflammation and reactive fibrosis of the affected tissues

Question 2

what is full body lymphedema caused by

Answer 2

damage to lymphatic duct

Question 3

lymph fluid consists of

Answer 3

proteins

water

cells

waste products and other foreign substances

fat

Question 4

cells –> lymph fluid

Answer 4

RBC

WBC

lymphocytes

Question 5

w/ waste products and other foreign substances –> lymph fluid

Answer 5

risk of cellulitis and open wound infection

Question 6

fat –> lymph fluid

Answer 6

intestinal lymph

chyle

Question 7

lymph nodes are a

Answer 7

filtering station for noxious matter

Question 8

noxious matter

Answer 8

bacteria

toxins

Question 9

lymph nodes will produce

Answer 9

lymphocytes (WBCs)

Question 10

lymph nodes will regulate

Answer 10

the concentration of protein in the lymph

Question 11

how many nodes are in the human body

Answer 11

600-700

Question 12

where are a majority of lymph nodes found

Answer 12

in the abdomen (intestines)

Question 13

what are watersheds

Answer 13

divide the lymphatic regions into root areas

Question 14

how do watersheds run

Answer 14

distal to proximal

Question 15

where are watersheds

Answer 15

vertical watershed

horizontal watershed

clavicle

spine of scapula

chaps (gluteal)

Question 16

vertical watershed

Answer 16

median-sagittal

Question 17

horizontal watershed

Answer 17

transverse

Question 18

lymph node groups

Answer 18

head and neck region

upper body

lower body

Question 19

head and neck region

Answer 19

most of these pts have lymphedema secondary to cancer

Question 20

where in the head and neck region are the lymph nodes

Answer 20

submental

submandibular

preauricular

retroarticular

occipital

cervical

Question 21

submental

Answer 21

2-3 nodes below the chin

drains the lower lip, gums, tip of tongue and chin

Question 22

submandibular

Answer 22

5-8 nodes on the underside of the mandible in the area of the submandibular glands

Question 23

what do the submandibular nodes drain

Answer 23

lips

external cheeks

medial eye lids

teeth

gums

tongue

floor of mouth

cheek mucosa

Question 24

preauricular

Answer 24

2-4 nodes in the front of the ear at the parotid gland

Question 25

preauricular node drains

Answer 25

front of the auricle nasal root lateral eye lids parotid glands

Question 26

retroarticular

Answer 26

1-2 nodes behind the ear

Question 27

what do retroauricular nodes drain

Answer 27

auricle posterior surface neighboring scalp middle ear

Question 28

occipital

Answer 28

2-3 nodes above the insertion of the traps muscle

Question 29

occipital drains

Answer 29

skin of the posterior head base of head

Question 30

cervical

Answer 30

in the same area of the SCM near the jaw angle along the internal jugular vein and supraclavicular fossa

Question 31

what does the cervical drain

Answer 31

ear parotid gland jaw angle neck back of head tonsils

Question 32

upper body node group

Answer 32

axillary pectoral cubital

Question 33

axillary

Answer 33

25-30 nodes in the armpit

Question 34

what does axillary drain

Answer 34

UEs upper trunk quadrant mammary glands

Question 35

pectoral

Answer 35

next to the major pectoral muscles

Question 36

what does pectoral drain

Answer 36

mammary glands esp the lateral quadrants

Question 37

cubital

Answer 37

cubital fossa drains the forearm and hand

Question 38

lower body node group

Answer 38

lumbar iliac superficial inguinal popliteal

Question 39

lumbar drains

Answer 39

testicles ovaries uterus kidneys adrenal glands

Question 40

iliac

Answer 40

pelvis

Question 41

iliac drains

Answer 41

lymph from inguinal lymph nodes bladder, prostate, uterus, upper portion of the vagina

Question 42

superficial inguinal

Answer 42

approx 10 nodes in the groin

Question 43

what does superficial inguinal drain

Answer 43

trunk wall below the naval line lumbar and gluteal regions perineum external genital LEs

Question 44

popliteal

Answer 44

popliteal fossa drains the lower leg

Question 45

what could bypass surgery cause in the popliteal region

Answer 45

post bypass w/ saphenous vein graft can lead to lymphedema distal to the knee

Question 46

how is lymph transported

Answer 46

intrinsic contraction respiration skeletal movement arterial/venous pulsation