M2. U1. RF.

Question 1

the death rate of a population normally expressed as the number of deaths per 1000 individuals per year

Answer 1

mortality

Question 2

the maximum number of individuals that a specific environment can sustain

Answer 2

carrying capacity

Question 3

human intervention that involves the selective killing of wild animals when their numbers exceed the carrying capacity of their habitat

Answer 3

culling

Question 4

the type of competition that takes place between individuals of the same species

Answer 4

intraspecific competition

Question 5

the succession that occurs when plants and animals Settle For the First Time in an area where there was previously no life

Answer 5

Primary succession

Question 6

the study of the mutual interaction among living organisms and between living organisms and the environment in which they live

Answer 6

ecology

Question 7

a group of organisms with similar characteristics that produce fertile offspring

Answer 7

species

Question 8

the complex stable ecosystem developing through ecological succession

Answer 8

climax or endpoint

Question 9

a direct technique to count the number of individuals in the population

Answer 9

census

Question 10

the graphical representation of the age and gender distribution of the population

Answer 10

population pyramid

Question 11

the phenomenon when a population moves out of its original habitat and returns later

Answer 11

migration

Question 12

the specific role each species plays in a community

Answer 12

ecological niche

Question 13

the external factors surrounding an organism and influencing it’s development and survival

Answer 13

environment

Question 14

a symbiotic relationship between 2 organisms of different species where the one benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed

Answer 14

commensalism

Question 15

type of consumers such as Carnivores feeding on the secondary consumers

Answer 15

tertiary consumers

Question 16

animals of which the toes of front parts of the foot are covered with a horny hoof

Answer 16

ungulates

Question 17

the disease caused by the parasitic flatworms schistosoma

Answer 17

bilharzia

Question 18

the phase in an s-shaped growth form when the population numbers reach the carrying capacity of the environment and stabilized around this value

Answer 18

equilibrium or stationary phase

Question 19

a population where the numbers far exceed the carrying capacity the habitat is damaged and the carrying capacity of the environment decreases

Answer 19

unstable population

Question 20

the feeding interaction when two or more individuals compete for the same limited resources

Answer 20

competition

Question 21

factors that increase or take effect when the population numbers increase

Answer 21

density dependent factors

Question 22

a population when no immigration or immigration appears

Answer 22

closed population

Question 23

all green plants that are able to photosynthesize and that produce their own organic food

Answer 23

producers

Question 24

the first plants and animals that settle in an area during ecological succession

Answer 24

Pioneers or Pioneer communities

Question 25

the one-way movement of organisms into an area where they become established

Answer 25

immigration

Question 26

a plant like growth consisting of a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and green algae

Answer 26

lichen

Question 27

type of consumers such as Carnivores feeding on Primary consumers

Answer 27

secondary consumers

Question 28

J shaped population growth form as it occurs in bacteria

Answer 28

geometric growth form

Question 29

the position that an organism occupies in the food chain

Answer 29

trophic level

Question 30

the birth rate of a population normally expressed as the number of live births per 1000 individuals per year

Answer 30

natality

Question 31

type of parasite that lives on the external surface of the hosts body

Answer 31

ectoparasite

Question 32

bacteria and fungi which are saprophytes and feed on Dead organic material

Answer 32

decomposers

Question 33

the phenomenon that competition in some closely related species is eliminated as a result of morphological and behavioral adaptations that took place over time

Answer 33

character displacement

Question 34

a population where the numbers fluctuate around the carrying capacity

Answer 34

stable population

Question 35

the one-way movement of organisms out of an area 2 become established

Answer 35

emigration

Question 36

the specific environment that a plant or animal species normally occupies

Answer 36

habitat

Question 37

type of parasite that lives inside the hosts party

Answer 37

endoparasite

Question 38

the number of individuals of a population per unit of area

Answer 38

population density

Question 39

the part of ecology that focuses on the factors influencing the population size the growth rate the growth forms and distribution of individuals inside a population

Answer 39

population ecology

Question 40

a unit of plant and animal communities in interaction with each other as well as with the abiotic factors in a particular area

Answer 40

ecosystem

Question 41

layering in a forest ecosystem

Answer 41

stratification

Question 42

the collective term for the main factors that have an effect on population size

Answer 42

parameters

Question 43

organisms that cannot produce their own carbohydrates and that are directly or indirectly dependent on the producers or other consumers for their food

Answer 43

consumers

Question 44

the type of competition that takes place between individuals of different species

Answer 44

interspecific competition

Question 45

s shaped population growth form which occurs when a young population is located in an area with sufficient food water space and little production

Answer 45

logistic growth form

Question 46

the type of organisation consisting of different strategies in animals that lives in groups or colonies where they are interdependent

Answer 46

social organisation

Question 47

the succession that occurs when plants and animals settle in an area disrupted by human activities

Answer 47

secondary succession

Question 48

type of consumers, for example herbivores, feeding directly on producers

Answer 48

Primary consumers

Question 49

techniques that involve the counting of only part of the population after which the population size can be estimated with statistical calculations

Answer 49

indirect techniques

Question 50

factors that regulate the population size regardless of the size of the population or the density of the population

Answer 50

density independent factors

Question 51

a relationship of coexistence between organisms of different species

Answer 51

symbiosis

Question 52

the phase in an s-shaped growth form when the population acclimatizes

Answer 52

lag phase

Question 53

the total number of individuals in a population

Answer 53

population size

Question 54

animals that live together in highly organised colonies where division of tasks occur

Answer 54

eusocial animals

Question 55

a group of populations occurring in a particular area

Answer 55

community

Question 56

a group of organisms of the same species that are found in a particular area and can interbreed freely

Answer 56

population

Question 57

the number of births per 1000 female individuals of childbearing age

Answer 57

fertility rate

Question 58

a feeding interaction where one organism Hunts kills and eats another organism

Answer 58

predation

Question 59

a national park connecting more than one country and that opens up migration routes for animals

Answer 59

Transfrontier Park

Question 60

the feeding interaction with two different species that need the same limited resources cannot occupy the same niche in the same habitat over a long period As the one will outcompete the other

Answer 60

competitive exclusion

Question 61

the sequence of Communities where one community replaces another overtime

Answer 61

ecological succession

Question 62

the feeding interaction with two species use the same resource in different ways and coexistence is possible

Answer 62

resource partitioning

Question 63

symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed

Answer 63

parasitism

Question 64

the symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species where both benefit

Answer 64

mutualism

Question 65

limiting factors which prevent population from unrestricted growth and exceeding its maximum growth rate

Answer 65

environmental resistance