M5 Flashcards
(49 cards)
Bioenergetics
Flow of energy through living system
Living system
need energy to build/break down molecules
Metabolism
chemcial reactions in cell
anabolic
small to large molecules energy required
catabolic
large to small molecules energy released
Metabolic pathway
Series of chemical reactions that take starting molecules to final product
Glucose
The primary energy source for many living things
Energy
Ability to do work or create change
Thermodynamics
study of energy and energy transfer
Open system
matter and energy transfer btwn surrounding
Closed system
only energy exchanged, not matter to surroudings
Scientific Laws
Describe what will happen in a situation, demonstrated mathematically
1st Law of Thermodynamics
energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred or transmitted
Entropy
measure of randomness and disorder in a system, lowering energy requires energy
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, entropy is always increasing
Types of Energy
Kinetic, Potential, Activation, Free
Kinetic
Energy associated with an object in motion
Potential
energy associated with the potential to do work, chemical bonds have potential energy
Activation energy
Amount of initial energy required to start a reaction
Free energy
Energy available to do work, Delta G = change in true energy
Exergonic reaction
energy released, spontaneous
Endergonic reaction
energy required, not spontaneous,
ATP ( adenosine triphosphate)
energy-supplying molecules, adenosine-ribose-3 phosphate
Enzymes
molecules that catalyze reactions, lower activation energy needed, not used up in reactions, but not unlimited, Made by protein, Vary by cell type and cell function, vary over time, regulated via inhibitor molecules
