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patyi nalang mi (2nd year 1st semester, prelim-midterm > MATERNAL RLE midterm > Flashcards

MATERNAL RLE midterm Flashcards

(104 cards)

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1
Q

is a protein that can be found on the surface of red blood cells

A

The Rh factor

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2
Q

other name for RH factor

A

rhesus factor

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3
Q

rhesus, factor was discovered in

A

1940

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4
Q

who is the discoverer of RH factor

A

K. Landsteiner and A. S. Wiener

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5
Q

A person with the Rh factor on his or her red blood cells is said to be

A

Rh-positive (Rh+ ).

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6
Q

Since this person has the factor, he or she will not make

A

anti-Rh antibodies.

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7
Q

A person without the Rh factor on their red blood cells is said to be

A

Rh-Negative (Rh- ).

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8
Q

if RH negative This person WILL produce

A

anti Rh antibodies.

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9
Q

If mother is Rh- and the fetus is Rh+, A condition called

A

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

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10
Q

Rh Antigen, also called

A

Rhesus antigens

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11
Q

are transmembrane proteins expressed at the surface of erythrocytes.

A

Rhesus antigens

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12
Q

The Rh antigens are inherited as a genetically linked group known as

A

a haplotype.

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13
Q

Rh antigens are highly immunogenic, the ___ antigen is most potent

A

D

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14
Q

Exposure to less than 1 ml of Rh-positive red cells can stimulate

A

Ab production in an Rh-negative person.

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15
Q

is an inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells.

A

Rhesus (Rh) factor

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16
Q

determines the expression of the D antigen

A

RHD gene

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17
Q

determines the expression of the C, c, E, and e antigens

A

RHCE gene

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18
Q

is one of the most polymorphic and immunogenic systems known in humans.

A

Rh blood group system

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19
Q

the second most important system.

A

Rh system

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20
Q

is the most common cause of severe HDN and can cause in Utero death.

A

anti-D

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21
Q

A problem can occur when a woman who has Rh-negative blood becomes pregnant with a baby that has Rh-positive blood. This is called

A

Rh incompatibility

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22
Q

If the blood of an Rh-positive baby mixes with the blood of an Rh-negative mother during pregnancy or delivery, the mother’s immune system makes antibodies. This antibody response is called

A

Rh sensitization

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23
Q

PUFT

A

Para-perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness

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24
Q

NSVD

A

Normal spontaneous vaginal delivery

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25
CVS
chorionic villus sampling
26
An Rh-negative woman also can make antibodies after:
Miscarriage Ectopic pregnancy Induced abortion
27
Rh incompatibility also can cause
jaundice in a newborn
28
The process in which mother’s body will try to fight them off by producing antibodies against them.
SENSITIZATION
29
is when a baby dies in the womb after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
Stillbirth
30
Rhesus disease causes a build-up of excessive amounts of a substance called
bilirubin
31
a build-up of bilirubin in the brain can lead to a neurological condition called
kernicterus.
32
is a condition in which a baby's red blood cell volume falls below normal levels while the baby is developing in the womb
Fetal anemia
33
These check for Rh positive antibodies in your blood.
Blood tests
34
This test can show enlarged organs or fluid buildup in your baby.
Ultrasound
35
Maternal Blood test
The Kleihauer-betke test or flow cytometry Indirect coombs test
36
Fetal Blood test
The direct Coombs test Blood count Billirubin (direct & indirect)
37
This condition happens when your baby's organs aren’t able to handle the anemia.
Hydrops fetalis
38
Are Designed to Build Immunity in a Patient The goal is that the individual's immune system will create antibodies for those antigens, and become immune to the associated illness.
Prophylactic Vaccines
39
The human ABO blood groups were discovered by Austrian-born American biologist
Karl Landsteiner in 1901
40
found that there are substances in the blood, antigens and antibodies, that induce clumping of red cells when red cells of one type are added to those of a second type.
Landsteiner
41
The surface of the red blood cells contains A antigen, and the plasma has anti-B antibody.
Group A
42
The surface of the red blood cells contains B antigen, and the plasma has anti-A antibody.
Group B:
43
The red blood cells have both A and B antigens, but the plasma does not contain anti-A or anti-B antibodies
Group AB:
44
The plasma contains both anti-A and anti-B antibodies, but the surface of the red blood cells does not contain any A or B antigens
Group O
45
Management of _______________ is a major concern in newborns with ABO incompatibility.
hyperbilirubinemia
46
(MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
47
(CAT scan)
Computer Assisted Tomography
48
EMG)
Electromyography
49
has been used since 1958 for the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia.
Phototherapy
50
phototherapy causes
unconjugated bilirubin to be mobilised
51
is a way of treating jaundice. Special lights help break down the bilirubin in your baby's skin so that it can be removed from his or her body
Phototherapy
52
They deliver light via a quartz halogen bulb and have a tendency to become quite hot so should not be positioned closer to the infant than the manufacturers
MICRO WHITE HALOGEN LIGHTS
53
The fluorescent blue tubes must have the serial number F20T12/BB or TL52/20W to be special phototherapy lights
FLUORO- 2 BLUE AND 2 WHITE FLUORESCENT LIGHTS
54
is the most effective light for reducing the bilirubin.
Blue light
55
This uses a halogen bulb directed into a fiberoptic mat.
OHMEDA BILIBLANKET
56
are not to be used on infants less than 28 weeks gestation or infants with broken or reduced skin integrity.
Biliblankets
57
They deliver light via a quartz halogen bulb and have a tendency to become quite hot so should not be positioned closer to the infant than the manufacturers recommendations of 52cm.
MEDELA BILIBED BLUE FLUORESCENT LIGHT
58
are required for the infants comfort if overhead white or blue fluorescent lights are used
Eye pads
59
(prevents sensitization from occurring)
Rh Immunoglobulin
60
Rhesus disease causes a build-up of excessive amounts of a substance called
bilirubin.
61
are abnormal amount of fluid in the abdominal cavity
Ascites
62
refer to the accumulation of excessive fluid in the pericardium.
pericardial effusions
63
Your baby’s liver can’t handle the large amount of bilirubin. So your baby’s liver grows too big. Your baby will still have anemia
Severe jaundice.
64
a byproduct of the normal breakdown of red blood cells, and in newborns, the liver may be immature and unable to process bilirubin efficiently
Bilirubin
65
A life-threatening condition involving fluid buildup in fetal tissues
Hydrops Fetalis-
66
Detecting antibodies attached to RBCs
Coombs Test
67
Assessing the newborn’s blood for damage and hemolysis.
Cord Blood Tests
68
Normal, develops after 24 hours, lasts up to the first week
Physiological Jaundice
69
A condition in newborns characterized by high levels of bilirubin in the blood leading to jaundice
HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA (NEONATAL JAUNDICE)
70
Serious, appears within 24 hours, due to abnormal conditions like ABO-Rh incompatibility.
Pathological Jaundice:
71
Develops between days 1-3, peaks by day 5-15, declines by week 3
Breast Milk Jaundice
72
A tool to help mananagement of labor
PARTOGRAPH
73
Line between green and yellow is
Alert Line
74
Line between yellow and red/pink is
Action Line
75
CEMONC
Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and New born Care
76
LTCS-
- Low Transverse Cesarean Section
77
BTL–
Bilateral Tubal Ligation
78
IUFD-
- Intrauterine Fetal Death/Demise
79
TAHBSO–
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy
80
PROM
Premature Rupture of Membranes
81
D&C
Dilatation/Dilation and Curettage
82
IUGR
Intrauterine Growth Restriction/Retardation
83
CPD
Cephalo-pelvic Disproportion
84
LGA
– Large for Gestational Age
85
SGA
Small for Gestational Age
86
RBOW
Ruptured Bag of Water
87
LOA
Left Occiput Anterior
88
HDN-
Hemolytic Disease of Newborn
89
may indicate decrease in oxygenation
“central cyanosis”
90
normal in a newborn (hands, feet, and lips are bluish in color)
Acrocyanosis
91
appears on the second of third day of life as result of the breakdown of fetal rbc.
Jaundice
92
sign of anemia, watch closely for signs of blood in the stool or vomit
Pallor
93
when a newborn lying on his side appears red on the dependent side and pale on the upper side does not have any clinical significance
Harlequin Sign
94
white cream cheese-like substance washed away in the first bath
Vernix Caseosa-
95
- fine, downy hair that covers the shoulders, arms and back of the newborn would be rubbed away by the friction of the bedding and clothes of the newborn
Lanugo
96
0.05ml ID R Deltoid
BCG
97
Six weeks 3 doses 0.5 ml IM Vas Ltrls.
DPT
98
Six weeks 3 doses 2-3 drops PO Mouth
OPV
99
At birth 3 doses 0.5 ml IM VasLateralis
HEPA B
100
Nine months 1 dose 0.5 ml subcu. Rightdeltoid
MEASLES
101
Mothers with Type O blood can develop anti-A or anti-B antibodies that attack a fetus with blood types A, B, or AB.
ABO Incompatibility
102
- Rh-negative mothers exposed to Rh-positive fetal blood develop antibodies that may harm subsequent Rh-positive pregnancies
Rh Incompatibility
103
Stimulates red blood cell production when bone marrow cannot compensate for hemolysis
ERYTHROPOIETIN THERAPY-
104

patyi nalang mi (2nd year 1st semester, prelim-midterm (14 decks)

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