ward prelim

Question 1

is a vital part of public health nursing

Answer 1

Community Organizing Participatory Action Research

Question 2

COPAR aims to transform

Answer 2

the apathetic, individualistic and voiceless poor into dynamic, participatory and politically active community

Question 3

The sequence of steps whereby members of a community come together to critically assess

Answer 3

Process

Question 4

Importance of COPAR in community development

Answer 4

empowers communities
builds leadership
maximizes participation
mobilizes resources

Question 5

helps people take control of their own develop

encourages collaboration and problem solving among community members

Answer 5

Empowers communities

Question 6

prepares the community to manage future development programs independently

Answer 6

Builds leadership

Question 7

Ensures everyone’s voice is heard and increases commitment to projects

Answer 7

Maximizes participation

Question 8

Utilizes local skills, materials, and time efficiently

Reduces dependency on external assistance, fostering self - reliance

Answer 8

Mobilizes resources

Question 9

COPAR core principles

Answer 9

open to change

should be based on the interest of the community

should lead to a self-reliant community and society

Question 10

Build trust and establish a strong relationship with the community to gain insight

Answer 10

INTEGRATION

Question 11

collect detailed and accurate information about the community’s problems, needs, resources, and socio-political dynamics

Answer 11

SOCIAL INVESTIGATION

Question 12

develop a preliminary plan of action based on community needs and available resources

Answer 12

TENTATIVE PROGRAM PLANNING

Question 13

Prepare and mobilize the community for collective action by organizing resources, building skills, and setting the foundation

Answer 13

GROUNDWORK

Question 14

Present the tentative plan to the community, encourage discussion and feedback, finalize the plan

Answer 14

MEETING

Question 15

acting out the meeting that will take place between the leaders of the people and the government representatives

Answer 15

ROLE PLAY

Question 16

way of training the people to anticipate what will happen and prepare them

Answer 16

ROLE PLAY

Question 17

mobilizing communities to identify their needs and take sustained action through participatory and experiential learning

Answer 17

MOBILIZATION OR ACTION

Question 18

The COPAR method includes phases of entry, organizing, sustained participation, and eventually transitioning control

Answer 18

MOBILIZATION OR ACTION

Question 19

A process that critically examines a community project or a programme

Answer 19

EVALUATION

Question 20

it involves collecting and analysing information about a project’s activities, characteristics, and outcomes

Answer 20

EVALUATION

Question 21

reflective practices

Answer 21

REFLECTION

Question 22

entails the formation of more formal structures and the inclusion of more formal procedures of planning

Answer 22

ORGANIZATION

Question 23

where the organized leaders or groups are being given trainings

Answer 23

ORGANIZATION

Question 24

the initial phase of the organizing process where the community organizer looks for communities to serve and help

Answer 24

PRE ENTRY PHASE

Question 25

PRE ENTRY PHASE INCLUDES:

Answer 25

preparation of the institution site selection initial site selection identifying potential choose final community

Question 26

Build trust, familiarize with the community, and gather initial data.

Answer 26

Pre entry Phase

Question 26

Analyze the community's needs and resources with the members

Answer 26

Entry Phase

Question 27

Form and develop community groups to address identified issues.

Answer 27

organization building

Question 28

Ensure sustainability by training leaders and developing local resources.

Answer 28

sustenance and strengthening

Question 29

Assess the impact of the actions and prepare for the gradual exit of the facilitators.

Answer 29

Evaluation

Question 30

also knows as "social preparation phase"

Answer 30

ENTRY PHASE

Question 31

the organizers immerse themselves into the community

Answer 31

ENTRY PHASE

Question 32

approached by most people

Answer 32

key persons

Question 33

approached by key persons

Answer 33

opinion leader

Question 34

never or hardly consulted

Answer 34

isolates

Question 35

organization must adhere to local laws and regulation, establish constitutions and bylaws

Answer 35

LEGAL REQUIRMENTS

Question 36

by creating key roles like chief health officer and committees and ensuring chain of command

Answer 36

establishment of formal structures

Question 37

to appoint leaders, ensuring democratic leadership based on qualifications and objectives

Answer 37

elections

Question 38

Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), also known as

Answer 38

gestational hypertension,

Question 39

Gestational hypertension is classified as

Answer 39

mild preeclampsia , severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia

Question 40

classic signs of gestational hypertension.

Answer 40

vision changes, typically hypertension, proteinuria, and edema

Question 41

Blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or systolic pressure elevated 30 mmHg or diastolic pressure elevated 15 mmHg above prepregnancy level; No proteinuria or edema; Blood pressure returns to normal after birth.

Answer 41

GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION

Question 42

Blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or systolic pressure elevated 30 mmHg or diastolic pressure elevated 15 mmHg above prepregnancy level; Proteinuria of 1+–2+ on a random sample; Weight gain over 2 lb/wk in the second trimester and 1 lb/wk in the third trimester; Mild edema in upper extremities of face.

Answer 42

MILD PREECLAMPSIA

Question 43

Blood pressure is 160/110 mmHg; Proteinuria 3+–4+ on a random sample and 5 g on a 24-hr sample; Oliguria (500 ml or less in 24 hr or altered renal function tests; Elevated serum creatinine more than 1.2 mg/dl); Cerebral or visual disturbances (headache, blurred vision); Pulmonary or cardiac involvement; Extensive peripheral edema; Hepatic dysfunction; Thrombocytopenia; Epigastric pain.

Answer 43

SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA

Question 44

Either seizure or coma accompanied by signs and symptoms of preeclampsia are present.

Answer 44

ECLAMPSIA

Question 45

Persistent or severe headaches. Blurred vision. Excessive swelling in the hands, face, or feet. Unusual vomiting, especially in the second half of pregnancy. Pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen. Feelings of dizziness or faintness.

Answer 45

Subjective Data: OF PIH

Question 46

Consistently elevated blood pressure readings 140/90 mmHg during 20 weeks of pregnancy. Observable swelling in the hands, face, or feet. Abnormal eye movements during an eye examination. Ultrasound findings showing intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

Answer 46

OBJECTIVE DATA OF PIH

Question 47

* Deficient fluid volume related to fluid loss to subcutaneous tissue * Social isolation related to prescribed bed rest * Ineffective tissue perfusion related to vasoconstriction of blood vessels * Risk for fetal injury related to reduced placental perfusion secondary to vasospasm

Answer 47

Nursing Diagnosis

Question 47

Nursing Interventions for a Woman With Mild PIH:

Answer 47

Monitor Antiplatelet Therapy Promote Bed Rest Promote Good Nutrition Provide Emotional Support

Question 48

Nursing Interventions for a Woman With Mild PIH:

Answer 48

Support Bed Rest Monitor Maternal Well-being Support a Nutritious Diet Administer Medications to Prevent Eclampsia

Question 49

medications to Prevent Eclampsia

Answer 49

hydralazine (Apresoline), labetalol (Normodyne), or nifedipine

Question 50

Medical Management

Answer 50

Prenatal Appointments Lifestyle Changes Medications Fetal Monitoring