Measles Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is the virus that causes measles?
Morbilivirus of the paramyxovirus family
The measles virus is a highly contagious viral agent responsible for the disease.
How is measles transmitted?
Droplet transmission from coughs and sneezes and direct contact
This highlights the importance of respiratory hygiene in preventing the spread.
What is the incubation period for measles?
10 days
This is the time from exposure to the virus until the onset of symptoms.
What are the symptoms of the prodromal phase of measles?
Cold-like symptoms and conjunctivitis
This phase occurs 10-12 days after contracting the virus and lasts 3-4 days.
What are Koplik spots and when do they appear?
Appearance of Koplik spots on inner cheek and gums two days after the prodromal phase
These spots are diagnostic for measles.
Describe the measles rash.
Erythematous and maculopapular rash starts on face & behind the ears then spreads downwards
Rash spots are small, red, may merge into blotchy patches, and do not blanch with pressure.
How long does the measles rash last?
Up to 1 week
The rash fades over more than 5 days.
What self-care advice should be followed during measles?
Stay away from work/school for at least 4 days and ensure adequate fluid intake
It is important to prevent the spread of infection and maintain hydration.
What can be used to remove crusts from the eyelids during measles?
Cotton wool soaked in warm water
This helps in soothing the eyes and maintaining hygiene.
What medications can be used to alleviate symptoms of measles?
Paracetamol, ibuprofen, and antihistamines (if rash is itchy)
These medications help in managing fever and discomfort.
What vaccine is recommended to prevent measles infection?
MMR Vaccine
The MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.
