Mechanism of Swallowing Flashcards
What are the 3 phases of swallowing?
Oral
Pharyngeal
Esophageal
What is the goal of the oral phase of swallowing?
Form a bolus and deliver bolus to pharynx
- What are the components of the oral phase? (5)
- What anatomical features are functioning to achieve these steps in the oral phase?
- Lip closure - muscles of facial expression
- Compression by buccal muscles - buccinator
- Rotary motion of jaw - TMJ, muscles of mastication, hyoid muscles
- Lateral rolling motion of tongue - Tongue
- Anterior bulging of soft palate - Soft palate
Ingestion and mastication are voluntar activities. However there are subtle reflexes involved in these activities. Describe these reflexes.
What is a central pattern generator?
A neuronal network in which interconnected excitatory and inhibitory interneurons produce an oscillating, rhythmic output in the absence of sensory feedback
What is the goal of the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?
Deliver bolus to esophagus
What are the components of the pharyngeal phase of swallowing (3)?
- Seal off nasopharnyx
- Protect trachea
- Relax upper esophageal sphincter
How does the soft palate move during the pharyngeal phase?
The soft palate is elevated to close off the nasopharynx
How is the trachea and larynx protected during the pharyngeal phase?
Successive constriction of pharyngeal constrictors from superior to inferior forces bolus through pharynx into esophagus. As this happens, vestibular and vocal folds expand to close off passage to larynx. Additionally, epiglottis is forced downward to protect entrance to larynx by force of bolus pressing against it.
- Elevation of soft palate –> CN […]
- elevation of pharynx, larynx, and hyoid –> CN […]
- Rhythmic and sequential contraction of pharyngeal muscles –> CN […]
- Closure of vocal cords –> CN […]
- Movement of epiglottis –> CN […]
- Relaxation of UES –> CN […]
- 10
- 5, 7, 9, 10
- 9, 10
- 9, 10
- Pharyngeal pressure
- 10
