Med Term on Final

Question 1

Visual examination of a cavity or canal using a flexible fiberoptic instrument

Answer 1

Endoscope

Question 2

Endoscopy of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

Answer 2

Upper GI endoscopy

Question 3

Endoscopy of the colony, sigmoid colon, and rectum and anal canal

Answer 3

Lower GI endoscopy

Question 4

Pannel of blood tests that identify the specific virus- HAV, HBV, HCV- causign hepatitis by testing serum antibodies to each of these antigens

Answer 4

Hepatitis panel

Question 5

Group of blood tests that evaluate liver injury, liver function, and conditions often associated with the biliary tract

Answer 5

Liver function tests (LFTs)

Question 6

Measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood

Answer 6

Serum bilirubin

Question 7

Test to identify microorganisms or parasites present in feces.

Answer 7

Stool culture

Question 8

Applying a substance called guaiac to a stool sample to detect the presence of occult (hidden) blood in the feces; also called Hemoccult

Answer 8

Stool guaiac

Question 9

Radiographic examination of the rectum and colon following enema administration of barium sulfate (contrast medium) into the rectum; also called lower GI series

Answer 9

Barium enema

Question 10

Radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of barium sulfate (contrast medium); also called esophagram and upper GI series

Answer 10

Barium swallow

Question 11

Radiographic images taken of the gallbladder after administration of a contrast material containing iodine, usually in the form of a tablet.

Answer 11

Cholecystography

Question 12

Imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles.

Answer 12

Computed tomography (CT)

Question 13

Endoscopic procedure that provides radiographic visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts to identify partial or total obstructions, as well as stones, cysts and tumors

Answer 13

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Question 14

Radiographic examination of bile duct structures. Contrast medium is injected through a needle passed through the skin and through the liver directly into hepatic duct.

Answer 14

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)

Question 15

Radiologic examination of the salivary glands and ducts.

Answer 15

sialography

Question 16

Test that uses high-frequency sound waves to analyze the reflected echos from anatomical structures and convert them into an image on video monitor

Answer 16

Ultrasonography (US)

Question 17

Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis.

Answer 17

Biopsy (bx)

Question 18

Procedure that involves insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach to relieve gastric distention by removing gas, food, or gastric secretions; to instill medication, food, or fluids; or to obtain a specimen for laboratory analysis.

Answer 18

nasogastric intubation

Question 19

Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another.

Answer 19

Anastomosis

Question 20

Surgical connection of the ileum and rectum after total colectomy, as is sometimes performed in treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Answer 20

ileorectal anastomosis

Question 21

Surgical connection of two portions of the intestines; also called enteroenterostomy

Answer 21

intestinal anastomosis

Question 22

Group of procedures that treat morbid obesity, a condition which arises from severe accumulation of excess weight as fatty tissue, and the resultant health problems.

Answer 22

Bariatric surgery

Question 23

Upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled vertically to reduce it to a small pouch. A band is then inserted that restricts food consumption and delays its passage from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness.

Answer 23

Vertical banded gastroplasty

Question 24

Stomach is first stapled to decrease it to a small pouch. Next, the jejunum is shortened and connected to the small stomach pouch, causing the base of the duodenum leading from the nonfunctioning portion of the stomach to form a Y configuration. This configuration decreases the pathway of food through the intestine, thus reducing absorption of calories and fat.

Answer 24

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)

Question 25

Creation of an opening of a portion of the colon through the abdominal wall to its outside surface in order to divert fecal flow to a colostomy bag.

Answer 25

Colostomy

Question 26

Procedure for crushing a stone and eliminating its fragments either surgically or using ultrasonic shock waves.

Answer 26

Lithotripsy

Question 27

Use of shock waves as a noninvasive method to break up stones in the gallbladder or biliary ducts.

Answer 27

Extracorporeal shockwave lithrotripsy (ESWL)

Question 28

Excision of a polyp

Answer 28

Polypectomy

Question 29

Incision of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pylorus; used to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Answer 29

Pyloromyotomy

Question 30

Series of radiographs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint.

Answer 30

Arthrography

Question 31

Radiographic procedures that use low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density (BMD)

Answer 31

Bone Density tests

Question 32

Imaging technique that uses an x-ray beam and a computer to make a series of cross-sectional imaging of a body part, which together make up a 3-D view of the area scanned.

Answer 32

Computer Tomography (CT)

Question 33

Radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures by injection a contrast medium

Answer 33

discography

Question 34

Radiography of the fiver lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae, including AP, lateral and oblique views of the lower spine.

Answer 34

Lumbosacral spinal radiography

Question 35

Radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, or other lesions

Answer 35

Myelography

Question 36

Nuclear medicine procedure that visualizes various tissues and organs after administration of a radionuclide

Answer 36

Scintigraphy

Question 37

Scintigraphy procedure in which radionuclide is injected intravenously and taken up into the bone.

Answer 37

Bone scintigraphy

Question 38

Procedure that restores a bone to its normal position.

Answer 38

Reduction

Question 39

Reduction procedure where fractured bones are realigned by manipulation rather than surgery.

Answer 39

Closed reduction

Question 40

Reduction procedure that treats bone fractures by placing the bones in their proper position using surgery.

Answer 40

Open reduction

Question 41

Application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or other material to a body part to immobilize it during the healing process.

Answer 41

Casting

Question 42

Application of an orthopedic device to an injured body part for immobilization, stabilization, and protection during the healing process

Answer 42

Splinting

Question 43

Use of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fracture and facilitate the healing process.

Answer 43

Traction

Question 44

Partial or complete removal of an extremity due to trauma or circulatory disease

Answer 44

Amputation

Question 45

Puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid

Answer 45

arthrocentesis

Question 46

Surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement

Answer 46

Arthroclasia

Question 47

Visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope called an arthroscope that contains a magnifying lens, fiberoptic light, and miniature camera that projects images on a monitor.

Answer 47

Arthroscopy

Question 48

Implanting or transplanting bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue

Answer 48

Bone grafting

Question 49

Excision of bursa (padlike sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually in the vicinity of joints)

Answer 49

Bursectomy

Question 50

Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebrae.

Answer 50

Laminectomy

Question 51

Surgery repeated to correct problems of a previously unsuccessful surgery or to replace a worn prosthesis.

Answer 51

Revision surgery

Question 52

Revision surgery often required to correct abnormalities due to bone infection, or to correct misalignments of bones, broken prosthesis, and fractures of the bone around the prostheses.

Answer 52

Bone revision surgery

Question 53

Excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)

Answer 53

Sequestrectomy

Question 54

Excision of a synovial membrane

Answer 54

Synovectomy

Question 55

Surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis.

Answer 55

Total hip replacement