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TAP Anatomy > Mediastinum > Flashcards

Mediastinum Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space between the pleural cavities occupying the center of the thoracic cavity

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2
Q

Boundaries for the mediastinum

A 
Anterior
Posterior
Superior 
Inferior
Lateral
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3
Q

Anterior boundary of mediastinum

A

Sternum

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4
Q

Posterior boundary of mediastinum

A

Thoracic vertebrae

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5
Q

Superior boundary of the mediastinum

A

Thoracic inlet

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6
Q

Inferior boundary of mediastinum

A

Diaphragm

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7
Q

Lateral border of the mediastinum

A

Pleura

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8
Q

Divisions of the mediastinum

A

Superior

Inferior

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9
Q

Portions of the inferior mediastinum division

A

Anterior mediastinum
Middle mediastinum
Posterior mediastinum

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10
Q

Contents of middle mediastinum (12)

A 
Pericardium and heart
Phrenic nerves, cardiac plexus
Pulmonary trunk bifurcation 
Right and left pulmonary arteries
Right and left pulmonary veins 
Ascending aorta
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Azygos vein
Tracheal bifurcation
Right and left bronchi
Lymph nodes
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11
Q

Contents of superior mediastinum

A 
Thymic remnants
Trachea
Esophagus
Brachiocephalic veins
Superior vena cava
Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic artery 
Left common carotid artery 
Left subclavian artery 
Internal thoracic vessels
Vagus nerve
Phrenic nerve
Thoracic duct
Lymph nodes
Ligamentum arteriosum
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12
Q

Thymus extends:

A

Inferiorly into the anterior mediastinum

Most prominent in children

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13
Q

Arterial supply to the thymus

A

Inferior thyroid artery (anterior part of thymus)

Internal thoracic artery

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14
Q

Venous drainage of the thymus

A

Thymic vein- drains to the left brachiocephalic vein

Internal thoracic vein

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15
Q

Tributaries to the brachiocephalic veins

A 
Subclavian vein
Internal jugular vein
Vertebral veins
Inferior thyroid vein 
Internal thoracic vein 
Left superior intercostal vein
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16
Q

Superior vena cava is formed by

A

Two brachiocephalic veins

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17
Q

Superior vena cava begins and ends at:

A

Begins at right 1st CC

Ends behind right 3rd CC

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18
Q

Tributaries of superior vena cava

A 
Right brachiocephalic vein
Left brachiocephalic vein
Azygos veins
Pericardial veins
Mediastinal veins
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19
Q

Arch of the aorta lies:

A

Behind the manubrium stern I

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20
Q

Arch of the aorta begins and ends:

A

Begins at the level of sternal angle

Ends at level of sternal angle

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21
Q

Arch of aorta has how many branches?

A

3

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22
Q

Brachiocephalic artery branches into

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A

Right subclavian artery

Right common carotid artery

23
Q

Three branches of the aortic arch

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A

Brachiocephalic artery
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery

24
Q

Contents of posterior mediastinum (6)

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A 
Esophagus
Thoracic aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
Thoracic duct, lymph nodes
Sympathetic trunks
Vagus nerves
25
Length of esophagus
Approx 10 inches long
26
Esophagus is lined with what epithelium
Stratified squamous
27
Where does the esophagus begin
At the level of C6, from the cricoid cartilage
28
Where does the esophagus pierce the diaphragm
At level T10
29
Sites of esophageal constriction (4)
At the junction of the pharynx and the esophagus Where the esophagus is crossed by the arch of aorta Where the esophagus is compressed by the left main bronchus At the esophageal opening of the diaphragm
30
Arterial supply of the esophagus
Upper 1/3: Inferior thyroid artery Middle 1/3: thoracic aorta Lower 1/3: left gastric artery
31
Inferior thyroid artery derived from
Thyrocervical trunk | Subclavian artery
32
Left gastric artery derives from
Celiac trunk
33
Venous drainage of the esophagus
Upper 1/3: inferior thyroid vein Middle 1/3: Azygos vein Lower 1/3: Left gastric vein
34
Left gastric vein drains into
Portal vein
35
Lymphatic drainage of the esophagus
Upper 1/3: Deep cervical nodes Middle 1/3: Mediastinal nodes Lower 1/3: Left gastric nodes
36
Innervation of the esophagus
Vagus nerves (Left forms anterior plexus, right forms posterior plexus) Sympathetic innervation: Cervical trunk Thoracic trunk
37
Sensation of the esophagus
General sensation: Parasympathetic | Pain: Sympathetic
38
Parts of the aorta
Ascending aorta Arch of aorta Thoracic aorta Abdominal aorta
39
Thoracic aorta begins and ends:
Begins at level of sternal angle Ends at vertebral level of T12 (aortic opening)
40
Thoracic aorta becomes continuous with
Abdominal aorta
41
Where does the thoracic aorta lie?
Posterior mediastinum
42
Branches of the thoracic aorta (7)
``` Posterior intercostal arteries (lower 9) Subcostal arteries Superior phrenic arteries Pericardial branches Esophageal branches Bronchial branches Mediastinal branches ```
43
What 2 veins join to form the azygos vein?
ascending lumbar and subcostal veins
44
Azygos vein passes through:
Aortic opening at T12
45
Where does the azygos vein ascend?
In the posterior mediastinum
46
Azygos vein arches over:
The right bronchus (T4) to drain into SVC
47
Tributaries of azygos vein (9)
``` Ascending lumbar vein Right subcostal vein Hemiazygos veins (major tributary) Accessory hemiazygos veins Mediastinal veins Esophagus veins Right bronchial veins Pericardial veins ```
48
Longest lymphatic channel
Thoracic duct
49
Where does thoracic duct begin and end
Begins At cisterns chyli (T12) Ends at the junction of the left internal jugular and subclavian veins
50
Thoracic duct passes through
Aortic opening
51
Tributaries of the thoracic duct (3)
Left jugular lymph trunk Left subclavian lymph trunk Left bronchomediastinal lymph trunk
52
Right lymphatic duct
Right jugular lymph trunk Right subclavian lymph trunk Right bronchomediastinal lymph trunk
53
Contents of the anterior mediastinum
Thymic remnants | Lymph nodes

TAP Anatomy (25 decks)

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