Unit 3 Posterior Abd Wall Part 1

Question 1

Bones of the post abd wall

Answer 1

5 lumbar vertebrae
12th ribs
Upper part of body pelvis

Question 2

Muscles of the post abd wall

Answer 2

Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum
Transversus abdominis
Iliacus

Question 3

OINA for psoas major

Answer 3

OR: T12-L5

INS: Lesser trochanter of femur

NS: Lumbar plexus

AC: Flexion of thigh on trunk
Flexes trunk against gravity when the body is supine

Question 4

OINA for quadratus lumborum

Answer 4

OR: TVP of L5
Iliolumbar ligament
Iliac crest

INS: TVP of L1-4
Inf border of rib 12

NS: Lumbar plexus (T12-L1-4)

AC: Depresses and stabilized rib 12
Lateral flexion of the trunk

Question 5

OINA for Iliacus

Answer 5

OR: Iliac fossa

INS: Lesser trochanter of femur

NS: femoral nerve

AC: Flexion of thigh on trunk
Flexes the trunk against gravity when the body is supine

Question 6

Thoracic aorta bifurcates where?

Answer 6

L4

Question 7

Peritoneum of kidneyes

Answer 7

Retroperitoneal

Question 8

Kidneys extend from:

Answer 8

T12-L3

Question 9

Which kidney is lower than the other?

Answer 9

Right

Question 10

Which kidney is closer to the midline

Answer 10

Left kidney

Question 11

Outer region of the kidney

Answer 11

Renal cortex

Question 12

Renal medulla includes: (4)

Answer 12

Renal columns
Renal pyramids
Renal papilla
Minor calyx

Question 13

Renal sinus includes: (3)

Answer 13

Major calyx

Renal pelvis

Question 14

Renal columns are continuous with the:

Answer 14

Renal cortex

Question 15

Nephron loops are located where?

Answer 15

Renal pyramids

Question 16

Apex of the renal pyramids

Answer 16

Renal papilla

Question 17

Collecting ducts in the kidney are located where?

Answer 17

Renal papilla

Question 18

Renal sinus is typically filled with

Answer 18

Adipose

Question 19

Entrance in and out of the kidney

Answer 19

Renal hilum

Question 20

Structures at the renal hilum (4)

Answer 20

Renal vein
Renal artery (2 branches)
Ureter
Renal artery (third branch)

Question 21

Renal artery arises from

Answer 21

Abdominal aorta

Question 22

Which renal artery is slightly lower than the other?

Answer 22

Right

Question 23

Lymphatic drainage for the kidney

Answer 23

Lumbar (lateral aortic) nodes around the origin of the renal artery

Question 24

Nerve supply to the kidneys

Answer 24

Renal sympathetic plexus

NO PARASYMPATHETIC SUPPLY

Question 25

Peritoneal for ureters

Answer 25

Retroperitoneal

Question 26

Ureters extend from:

Answer 26

Urteropelvic junction to the urinary bladder

Question 27

Ureters cross in front of the: They cross over

Answer 27

Sacroiliac joint Over the iliac vessels

Question 28

Ureters enter the bladder from the:

Answer 28

Posterior

Question 29

Ureter arterial supply

Answer 29

Upper: Renal artery Middle: Testicular or ovarian arteries Abdominal aorta Common iliac arteries Inferior: Superior vesicle artery branch— Internal iliac artery

Question 30

Ureter lymphatic drainage

Answer 30

Upper part: Lumbar (lateral aortic) nodes Middle part: Common iliac nodes Inf. Part: external and internal iliac nodes

Question 31

Plexuses providing innervation for ureter

Answer 31

``` Aortic Renal Testicular./ovarian Superior hypogastric Inf hypogastric ```

Question 32

For ureter, visceral efferent fibers come from:

Answer 32

Both sympathetic and parasympathetic sources

Question 33

For ureters, Viseral afferent fibers (pain) return to:

Answer 33

T11-L2 spinal cord levels

Question 34

Abdominal pain is most commonly caused by

Answer 34

Kidney stones

Question 35

What can cause kidney stones

Answer 35

Oxalate, calcium, or phosphate precipitate because of insufficient fluid levels

Question 36

3 constriction points for kidney stones

Answer 36

1st- Ureteropelvic junction 2nd- Pelvic inlet 3rd- entrance to bladder

Question 37

Pain from renal stones is referred to:

Answer 37

Cutaneous areas innervated by T11-L2 nerves