Medical Terminology Chapter 5 Flashcards
(86 cards)
1
Q
angi/o
A
vessel
2
Q
ather/o
A
fatty substance
3
Q
coron/o
A
heart
4
Q
corpor/o
A
body
5
Q
embol/o
A
plug
6
Q
isch/o
A
to hold back
7
Q
myocardi/o
A
heart muscle
8
Q
phleb/o
A
vein
9
Q
sept/o
A
wall
10
Q
son/o
A
sound
11
Q
sphygym/o
A
pulse
12
Q
thromb/o
A
clot
13
Q
varic/o
A
dilated vein
14
Q
vas/o
A
vessle
15
Q
ventricul/o
A
ventricle
16
Q
-tonic
A
pertaining to tone
17
Q
cardiovascular system is also called what?
A
circulatory system
18
Q
What is the CV system composed of?
A
heart, blood vessels (arteries, capillaries, veins)
19
Q
circulatory system is composed of what two parts?
A
pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation
20
Q
Pulmonary circulation does what?
A
It is between the heart and lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygen and then back to the heart.
21
Q
Systemic circulation does what?
A
Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues and cells, and then back to the heart.
22
Q
How many chambers does the heart have?
A
four
23
Q
How many layers does the heart have?
A
Three
- endocardium (inner layer of the heart lining, very smooth, thin layer, serves to reduce friction)
- myocardium (thick, muscular layer, develops the pressure required to pump blood through the blood vessels)
- epicardium (outer layer. It is the visceral pericardium and the outer layer is the parietal pericardium)
24
Q
Heart chambers…
A
two atria (upper) and two ventricles (lower). These chambers are divided into right & left sides by the interatrial septum and the interventricular septum
25
Are the ventricles the pumping chambers?
True
26
How many valves are in the heart?
Four valves
27
What do the valves do?
as restraining gates to control the direction of blood flow
28
Name the four valves.
Tricuspid valve; pulmonary valve; mitral valve; aortic valve
29
Tricuspid valve
an atrioventricular valve (AV). It controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The valve has three leaflets or cusps
30
pulmonary valve
a semilunar valve. looks like a half moon. located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It prevents blood that has been ejected into the pulmonary artery from returning to the right ventricle as it relaxes.
31
mitral valve
also called bicuspid valve. two cusps. atrioventricular valve to the left ventricle and cannot go back up into the left atrium
32
aortic valve
semilunar valve; located between the left ventricle and the aorta. Blood leaves the left ventricle through this valve and cannot return to the left ventricle
33
Shortened version of blood flow
through the heart to the lungs where it receives oxygen; then goes back to the heart; and then out to the body tissue and parts
34
diastole
relaxed
35
systole
contraction phase
36
How is the heart rate regulated?
autonomic nervous system
37
what are arteries?
large, thick walled vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart
38
what is the largest artery?
aorta
39
what are arterioles?
the smallest of the arteries
40
what are capillaries?
a network of tiny blood vessels referred to as a capillary bed. They are very thin walled, allowing for the diffusion of the oxygen and nutrients from the blood into the body tissues. Blood does not flow quickly in them
41
what are veins?
they carry blood back to the heart. thinner walls than arteries, causing them to collapse easily. They also have valves that allow the blood to move only TOWARD the heart.
42
blood pressure
measurement of force exerted by blood against the wall of a blood vessel
43
cardiology
study of the heart
44
sinoatrial node
origination of the impulse for the heartbeat
45
apex
the pointed tip of the heart
46
angiitis
inflammation of a vessel
47
angiospasm
involuntary muscle contraction
48
embolus
obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body and traveled to the point of obstruction
49
regurgitation
to flow backward
50
cardiac arrest
complete stopping of heart activity
51
aneurysm
weakness in the wall of an artery resulting in localized widening of the artery.
52
arteriorrhexis
a ruptured artery
53
coarctation of the aorta
severe congenital narrowing of the aorta
54
deep vein thrombosis
formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the legs.
55
ausculation
process of listening to the sounds within the body by using a stethoscope
56
cardiac enzymes
blood test to determine the level of enzymes specific to the heart muscles in the blood.
57
serum lipoprotein level
blood test to measure the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
58
angiogram
x-ray record of a vessel taken during angiography
59
angiography
x-rays taken after the injection of an opaque material into a blood vessel
60
holter monitor
portable EKG monitor worn by a patient for a period of a few hours to a few days to assess the heart and pulse activity
61
extracorporeal circulation
during open-heart surgery, the routing of blood to a heart-lung machine so it can be oxygenated and pumped to the rest of the body.
62
implantable cardioverter-defibrilator
device implanted in the heart that delivers an electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm.
63
thrombolytic therapy
process in which drugs are injected into a blood vessel to dissolve clots and restore blood flow.
64
arterial anastomosis
surgical joining together of two arteries
65
aneurysmectomy
surgical removal of the sac of an aneurysm
66
atherectomy
surgical procedure to remove a deposit of fatty substance from an artery
67
ebloectomy
removal of an embolus or clot from a blood vessel
68
endarterectomy
removal of the diseased or damaged inner lining of an artery
69
intracoronary artery stent
placement of a stent within a coronary artery to treat coronary ischemia due to atherosclerosis
70
ligation and stripping
surgical treatment of varicose veins
71
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PTCA
method for treating localized coronary artery narrowing. A balloon catheter is inserted through the skin into the coronary artery and inflated to dilate the narrow blood vessel.
72
valvoplasty
surgical procedure to repair a heart valve
73
cardiomyopathy
disease of the heart muscle
74
cardiomegaly
enlargement of the heart
75
angiostenosis
vessel narrowing
76
angiitis
vessel inflammation
77
arteriosclerosis
hardening of an artery
78
arteriole
small artery
79
endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
80
epicarditis
inflammation of the outer layer of the heart
81
myocarditis
inflammation of the muscle of the heart
82
venous
pertaining to a vein
83
venogram
record of a vein
84
infarct
tissue death in organ or part of following loss of blood supply
85
hemorrhoid
varicose veins in anal area
86
murmur
abnormal heart sound
