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History > Medicine Through Time > Flashcards

Medicine Through Time Flashcards

1
Q

Which two physicians did most Medieval physicians base their practice on?

A

Hippocrates and Galen

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2
Q

What does Renaissance mean?

A

re-birth of knowledge

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3
Q

What disease killed around 1/3 to 1/2 of people in 1348?

A

The Black Death

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4
Q

What bacteria caused the Black Death?

A

Yersinia Pestis

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5
Q

Where did the Black Death come from?

A

Trade carried it from China to Turkey to Venice to the rest of Europe

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6
Q

People living in Lazar houses had what disease?

A

Leprosy

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7
Q

What were symptoms of leprosy?

A

Swellings, Ulcers, paralysis and death

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8
Q

What were lepers (people with leprosy) not allowed to do and what does this suggest about Medieval Knowledge of disease transmission?

A

Walk in alleyways

Suggesting Medieval people knew if you got close to a leper then you may catch leprosy

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9
Q

What was the name for ‘bad air?’

A

Miasma

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10
Q

Name the four humours

A

Blood, black Bile, yellow bile, phlegm

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11
Q

The one main medieval development of the four humours was called ‘transference.’ What was this?

A

People believed if you slept next to a sheep or strapped a rat to your area of illness, the disease may ‘transfer’ onto the animal.

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12
Q

Which physician and scientist was locked in prison for 14 years because they kept experimenting without the Church’s permission?

A

Roger Bacon

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13
Q

How many years was Roger Bacon put in jail by the Church for illegal experiments?

A

14

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14
Q

What was the tax raised by the Church to pay for monasteries and churches and how much did people have to pay?

A

Tithes - 10% of their income

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15
Q

What three buildings did tithes pay for in the Medieval Era?

A

Convents, Monasteries and Churches

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16
Q

How many books did Galen write?

A

350

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17
Q

How many star signs are there in astrology?

A

12

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18
Q

What personality problem was a Leo believed to have due to astrology?

A

A Leo would be born hot headed

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19
Q

How many days did people with the plague have to quarantine?

A

40

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20
Q

What are ‘alms-houses’?

A

This is a poor house. They would feed and take care of the poor.

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21
Q

What was the name of a bunch of flowers used to keep safe from Miasma?

A

Posies

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22
Q

In Church Hospitals they regularly cleaned and drank clean water. Why was this?

A

They believed that ‘Cleanliness is next to Godliness.’.

23
Q

Where did you get buboes if you had the plague?

A

On your lymph system - armpits, neck and groin

24
Q

How much of the English population during the Black Death?

A

Between 1/3 and 1/2

25
Q

What were people who whipped themselves to apologise to God?

A

Flagellants

26
Q

What were some examples of cures used to ‘help’ people with the Black Death?

A

consuming herbs, vinegar, bleeding or rubbing oil on the buboes. They may also use ‘transference’ which is putting as toad/rat on a buboe in the hope the disease passes to them

27
Q

What type of hospital is St Bartholomews?

A

A Town Hospital.

28
Q

What was the medical name for blood letting?

A

Phlebotomy

29
Q

Who were town hospitals mainly for?

A

Infirm and Old. Not for the sick as it was feared that would spread illness.

30
Q

Where would you go to let blood in Medieval times?

A

Barbers

31
Q

What disease did Medieval people believe could be cured by the King’s touch?

A

Scrofula

32
Q

Which treatments and cures would Cunning Folk use?

A

Blood Letting, Purging, Herbal Remedies.

33
Q

How would a Medieval Physician recommend you cure paralysis?

A

Boil a fox and then sit in the bath water in the hope their speed transferred to you

34
Q

What was the name of special Herbals prescribed during Medieval times?

A

Theriaca

35
Q

Were women or men mainly cunning folk?

A

Women

36
Q

What herb may be prescribed to improve digestion in Medieval times?

A

Aloe Vera

37
Q

How many herbs were in Theriaca in Medieval times?

A

70

38
Q

Cunning Folk were usually midwives. What effect did this have towns?

A

Records suggest that towns which has good midwives had better survival rates for mothers and babies.

39
Q

20th Century: How many times could 20th century microscopes zoom?

A

1 million x zoom

40
Q

20th Century: how much safer were x-rays by 1900?

A

2000 times safer

41
Q

Who discovered penicillin?

A

Alexander Fleming

42
Q

When did Alexander Fleming discover penicillin?

A

1928

43
Q

20th century: Who made huge advancements in genetics?

A

James Watson

44
Q

20th century: How many tonnes of antibiotics are used per year?

A

300 tonnes

45
Q

20th century: What did people call antibiotics when they were trying to invent it?

A

Magic bullet

46
Q

20th century: What causes skin cancer?

A

UV rays from the sun

47
Q

20th century: When did sun creams become available?

A

1928

48
Q

20th century: How many people died from air pollution in 1956?

A

4,000

49
Q

20th century: Who introduced ULEZ?

A

Sadiq Khan, London Mayor

50
Q

20th century: What does ULEZ stand for?

A

Ultra Low Emission Zone

51
Q

20th century: Before the NHS, how much did treatment for tuberculosis cost?

A

£1,000

52
Q

20th century: Who campaigned to improve school dinners?

A

Jamie Oliver

53
Q

20th century: How much did Jamie Oliver find schools were spending on school dinners?

A

Only 35p

History (3 decks)

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