mental disorders

Question 1

this affects 1 in 4 adults in their lifetimes; difficult to Dx and treat ; Dxd by recognizing patterns and symptoms

Answer 1

mental disorders

Question 2

what are some clinically sig. behavioral probs of mental disorders

Answer 2

distress, disability, and deviance

Question 3

this was published by the american psychiatric assoc ( 300 types of mental health conditions); lists symptoms and criteria required for a Dx

Answer 3

diagnostic and statistical manual

Question 4

what are some general symptoms of mental disorders

Answer 4

confused thinking, long lasting sadness or irritability, extremely high and low moods, excessive fear, worry , or anxiety, social withdrawal, dramatic changes in eating or sleeping habits

Question 5

these are sig. prolonged changes in mood

Answer 5

mood disorders

Question 6

what are some diff types of mood disorders

Answer 6

major depressive disorder, dysthymia, and bipolar disorder

Question 7

causes of this disorder include monoamine dysfunction ( NE, Dopamine, and serotonin ) and neurotransmitter receptor dysfunction

Answer 7

mood disorder

Question 8

what decrease the rate of enzymatic degradation

Answer 8

MAO inhibitors

Question 9

this type of mood disorder is intense sadness and/or diminished interest in usual activities ( single or recurrent episodes - severe cases can be psychotic or suicidal)

Answer 9

major depressive disorder

Question 10

this mood disorder affects 14.8 million peeps > 18 YO; median age is 32; women more common ; leading cause of disability in the US for ages 15-44

Answer 10

major depressive disorder

Question 11

what is the DSM criteria for depression

Answer 11

1. more than 4 of these symptoms lasting more than 2 weeks ( sig. weight or appetite change, insomnia, suicidal thoughts, etc)
2. responds well to Tx ( meds, cognitive behavior therapy, and exercise)

Question 12

this type of disorder deals with severe mood swings ( overly high or irritable to sad , manic depressive illness, sever changes in energy and behavior , periods of normal mood swing between swings)

Answer 12

bipolar disorder

Question 13

this mood disorder affects 5.7 million adults > 18 YOA; 2.6% annual prevalence, median age is 25 YOA; men = women; fam Hx is a risk factor

Answer 13

bipolar disorder

Question 14

Tx of this disorder includes cognitive behavior therapy, meds ( mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, antidepressants), electroconvulsive therapy, and hospitalization

Answer 14

bipolar disorder

Question 15

what is the DSM for manic epidose

Answer 15

persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood ; greater than 3 symptoms for more than a 1 week such as inflated self eseem, decreased need for sleep, more talkative than usual

Question 16

these are a group of disorders( diffuse, vague feelings of fear and apprehension); 40 mill adults >18YO; 75% have their first episode by age 21.5;

Answer 16

anxiety disorders

Question 17

what are some common co morbities of anxiety disorders

Answer 17

depressive disorders and substance abuse

Question 18

what are the diff types of anxiety disorders

Answer 18

generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, and phobias

Question 19

this is excessive worry about everyday probs for > 6 mos; women 2x more than men; mean age is 33 YO

Answer 19

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 20

in this disorder people have controlling their constant worries; awareness that they worry too much ; inability to relax; difficulty concentrating; easily startled; difficulty falling or staying asleep; persistent irritability

Answer 20

generalize anxiety disorder

Question 21

symptoms of this disorder include prolonged fatigue, HA, unexplained pains, difficulty swallowing, trembling, hyperhidrosis, light headedness, shortness of breath

Answer 21

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 22

Tx for this disorder includes meds and Cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer 22

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 23

in this disorder you get unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear ( sense of impending doom, individuals alter behavior to avoid triggers, can occur at any time)

Answer 23

panic disorder

Question 24

this disorder can affect 6 mill people > 18 YOA; women 2x more common; median age is 24; 1 in 3 people have agoraphobia ; depression and substance abuse common

Answer 24

panic disorder

Question 25

what are some physical symtpoms of panic disorder

Answer 25

chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, ab distress; Tx is meds and CBT

Question 26

this disorder is recurrent, unwanted thoughts and or repetitive behaviors ( heightened activity in caudate nucleus ; repetitive behaviors done to end obsessive thoughts)

Answer 26

OCD

Question 27

this disorder affects 2.2 mill adults ; 1.0% prevalence; mean onset is 19; women= men; earlier onset assoc with genetic predisposition

Answer 27

OCD

Question 28

what part of OCD are recurrent thoughts, images, impulses, that cause anxiety; illogical and repulsive and center on violence or harm

Answer 28

obsessions

Question 29

what part of OCD are behaviors that are repetitive ; attempts at reducing the anxiety created by the obsessions

Answer 29

OCD

Question 30

what are some common obsessions of OCD

Answer 30

fear of contamination, fear of harm, fear of losing control, perfectionism, superstitions

Question 31

what are some common compulsions of OCD

Answer 31

hand washing, checking, counting, repeating behaviors

Question 32

what is the Tx for OCD

Answer 32

CBT and Meds

Question 33

this disorder develops after grave physical harm occurs or is threatened ( violent personal assaults, natural or human causes disasters, accidents, or military combat)

Answer 33

PTSD

Question 34

this disorder has a 3.5% annual prevalence; median age is 23 YOA; 19% of vitenam vets experienced this at some pt after the war

Answer 34

PTSD

Question 35

some symptoms of this disorder include : painful memories, nightmares, suspicion, anxiety, depression, feelings of guilt . sleep difficulties, emotional detachment, substance abuse *

Answer 35

PTSD

Question 36

Tx of this disorder includes Meds and CBT

Answer 36

PTSD

Question 37

this is aka split mind; not due to a primary mood disorder or medical condition; separated from reality

Answer 37

schizophrenia

Question 38

onset of this disorder usually occurs around 16-30; affects 1%; men = women , 10-15% commit suicide; Tx includes antipsychotics and supportive therapy

Answer 38

schizophrenia

Question 39

what are some positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 39

hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders ( neologisms - made up words) , movement disorders

Question 40

what are some negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 40

flat affect; lack of pleasure in everyday life; lack of ability to begin and sustain planned activities; speaking little

Question 41

what are some cognititve symptoms

Answer 41

poor executive functioning; trouble focusing or paying attention; probs with working memory

Question 42

this disorder is widely unstable moods, behavior, and relationships; onset is late teens, early 20s; women = men ; 9% commit suidice; family Hx increases risk

Answer 42

borderline personality disorder

Question 43

Tx of this disorder includes Meds, psychotherapy, and hospitalization; complications include psychiatric co-morbidities

Answer 43

borderline personality disorder

Question 44

what are the stipulating conditions for borderline personality disorder

Answer 44

have to have > of extreme reactions to abandonment, real, or perceived ; pattern of intense and stormy relationships, etc

Question 45

how do we Dx mental illness in the clinic

Answer 45

does the pt make you laugh ( theyre manic); make you confused ( they are schizo); make you sad ( they are depressed); make you annoyed or intruded ( they are getting into personality disorder territory )

Question 46

What is LEAP

Answer 46

listen, empathize, agree, partner

Question 47

This is the #10 cause of death ; males more common; NA>CW.AP>AA>H

Answer 47

suicide

Question 48

what are some high risk illnesses for suicide

Answer 48

schizophrenia, substance abuse, major depression

Question 49

what are some non violent attempts at suicide

Answer 49

poisoning

Question 50

what are some violent attempts at suicide

Answer 50

firearms, suffocation

Question 51

T or F: Never leave a suicidal individual alone

Answer 51

T

Question 52

what are some major risk factors for suicide

Answer 52

depression*; substance abuse disorders ; prior suicide attempt; firearms in the house; incarceration; family Hx of mental disorder, substance abuse; family violence

Question 53

what is the most common form of child abuse

Answer 53

neglect

Question 54

these are abuses of the elderly that are more likely to occur in the home

Answer 54

elder and disabled abuse

Question 55

what are some types of elderly abuse

Answer 55

financial exploitation; neglect or abandonment *; emotional abuse; sexual abuse; physical abuse

Question 56

what are some warning signs of elder abuse

Answer 56

discrepancies standard of living and financial assets; sudden, unexplained changes in living arrangementsl physical injuries; malnourishment; medical needs not attended to ; withdrawn, apathetic, fearful,or anxious behavior

Question 57

this type of abuse has 6 million cases annually; 79 % of cases are

Answer 57

Child abuse

Question 58

what are some risk factors for child abuse

Answer 58

domestic violence; alcohol and drug abuse; untreated mental illness; low SES. etc

Question 59

what are som complications of child abuse

Answer 59

relationship difficulties, brain damage, mental illness, etc

Question 60

what are some warning signs of neglect in children

Answer 60

clothes are ill fitting , filthy, or inappropriate; hygiene is badl untreated illnesses and physical injuries; is frequently unsupervised or left alone; left os missing school

Question 61

what are warning signs of sexual abuse in children

Answer 61

trouble walking or sitting; displays knowledge or interest in sexual acts; makes strong efforts to avoid a specific person; doesn't want to change clothes in front of others ; an STD or pregnancy runs away from home

Question 62

what are some warning signs of emotional abuse in children

Answer 62

withdrawn, fearful, or anxious about doing something wrong; shows extremes in behavior; doesn't seem to be attracted to the parent or caregiver; acts either inappropriately adult of infantile

Question 63

what are some warning signs of physical abuse in children

Answer 63

frequent and/or unexplained bruises, welts, or cuts; injuries appear to have a pattern such as marks from a hand or belt; always on alert; shies away from touch , flinches at sudden movements ; wears inappropriate clothing

Question 64

this is willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault , and/or other abusive behavior perpetrated by an intimate partner against another

Answer 64

intimate partner abuse

Question 65

T or F: 60% of domestic violence happens at home

Answer 65

T

Question 66

what is the lifetime prevalence of domestic violence for women

Answer 66

25%

Question 67

what is the age group for the highest risk of nonfatal intimate partner violence

Answer 67

20-24 YO

Question 68

what % of women are rapists of their intimate partners

Answer 68

50%

Question 69

what are the diff types of abuse

Answer 69

physical , sexual, emotional, verbal, economic

Question 70

what are some risk factors for abuse

Answer 70

mental illness, low SES, personal or family Hx of abuse, pregnancuy,

Question 71

what are some warning signs intimate partner abuse

Answer 71

public and private demeaning actions; constant signs of injury; frightened behavior when with the oppo. sex; afraid to go home; reports of injuries by batterer