Flashcards in Mental Health part #3 Deck (161)
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the habitual use of a substance that falls outside of medical necessity or social acceptance for the single purpose of altering ones mood, emotion, or state of consciousness and resulting in adverse effects to the abuser or to others
abuse
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a habitual psychological and physiological dependence on the substance beyond ones voluntary control
addiction (dependence)
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when the body adapts to the substance and gradually requires increasing amounts of the substance to reproduce the effects originally produced by smaller ones
tolerance
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transitory recurrences of perceptual disturbance caused by a persons earlier use of a hallucinogenic drug when in a drug free state
flashback
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combination of drugs can intensify or prolong the effect
synergistic effects
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combination of drugs to weaken or inhibit the effect of one of the drugs
antagonistic effects
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people who are co dependent often exhibit over responsible behavior (doing for others what others could just as well do for themselves)
codependence
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what are some co dependent behaviors
attempting to control someone else's drug use
finding excuses for the persons use
covering up the persons drinking/drug use
feeling responsible for the persons use
eliciting promises for change
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a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by one or more of the following, occurring within a 12 month period
substance abuse
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addiction is characterized by
loss of control and tendency to relapse
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what plays a major role in all addictions
dopamine
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how do drugs work in the body system
they effect the limbic system, the brain circuits allow pleasure, which increase the response to dopamine, the 1st time of use, neurons release an abnormally high amount of dopamine, eventually the user needs increase amounts to achieve the same feeling
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name CNS depressants
alcohol
barbiturates
benzodiazepines
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barbiturates
sedative hypnotic
slight overdose can cause coma or death
addictive
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benzodiazepines
aka date rape drug
sedative hypnotic
minor tranquilizer
addictive
produces sedation, muscle relaxation, and lowers anxiety levels
combined with alcohol can be lethal
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examples of benzodiazepines
versed, Xanax, Ativan, Librium, valium
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over dose on benzodiazepines/barbiturates
cardiovascular or respiratory depression, coma shock, convulsion, death
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withdraw effects of benzodiazepines/barbiturates
N/V, tachy, diaphoresis, anxiety, tremors, grand mal seizures, delirium
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the body burns how much alcohol in an hour
0.5 oz
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alcohol intoxication
slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, drowsiness, decreased blood pressure
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excessive etoc interferes with storage of new memories in hippocampus, lost from memory within minutes of its occurrence
alcoholic blackouts
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when does alcohol withdraw develop
4-12 hours after cessation or reduction of use
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when does alcohol withdraw peak
24-48 hours
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S/sx of alcohol withdrawal
tachy, sweating, increase BP, tremors, insomnia, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, N/V, malaise, grand mal seizures, transient visual hallucinations
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intervention for alcohol withdraw
support measures, benzo's (Librium for WD S/SX)
if they have a Hx of WD seizures: clonodine
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alcohol withdraw delirium
MEDICAL EMERGENCY
death is usually due to sepsis, MI, fat embolism, peripheral vascular collapse, electrolyte imbalance, aspiration pneumonia, or suicide
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S.Sx of alcohol withdraw delirium
disorientation, tachy, diaphoresis, increase BP, perceptual disturbances, fluctuating LOC
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Sx of overdose
cool or clammy skin, respirations less than 10/min, cyanosis, emesis while semiconscious, or conscious, seizure
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Tx for overdose
AIRWAY
if awake induce vomiting, VS Q15 minutes
if coma clear airway, IV fluids, gastric lavage with activated charcoal
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