meristems Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the three main types of meristems?
Apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems.
What is a meristem?
A region of undifferentiated plant cells that divide to produce growth.
Where are apical meristems found?
At the tips of roots and shoots.
What type of growth is caused by apical meristems?
Primary growth (lengthening of the plant).
What tissues come from apical meristems?
Protoderm (epidermis)
ground meristem (ground tissue)
procambium (vascular tissue)
What do lateral meristems cause?
Secondary growth (thickening of stems and roots).
Name two types of lateral meristems.
Vascular cambium and cork cambium.
What does the vascular cambium produce?
New xylem (wood) and phloem (inner bark).
What does the cork cambium produce
Outer bark (periderm).
Where are intercalary meristems located?
At the base of leaves or internodes (mainly in grasses).
What is the function of intercalary meristems?
Regrowth after grazing or cutting.
Which meristem allows a plant to regrow after being mowed?
Intercalary meristem.
Which meristems contribute to wood and bark formation?
Lateral meristems: vascular and cork cambium.
What are roots?
The underground part of the plant that anchors it and absorbs water and nutrients.
What are the main functions of roots?
Absorption, anchorage, storage, and hormone production.
What are shoots?
The above-ground parts of a plant, including stems, leaves, and flowers.
What is the primary function of shoots?
Photosynthesis, reproduction, and transport of water/nutrients.
Where is the shoot apical meristem located?
At the tip of the growing stem/shoot.
Where is the root apical meristem located?
At the tip of the root, behind the root cap.
