Metabolism Quiz

Question 1

What is the sum of all the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given time?

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

What is the function of the Citric Acid cycle(Kreb Cycle)

Answer 2

• to remove hydrogen atoms from organic molecules and transfer them to coenzymes
• production of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids
• produces 2 ATP

Question 3

Define Reduction

Answer 3

addition of electrons to a molecule and results in an increase in the energy content of the molecule

Question 4

What is Glycolysis? Where does it occur?

Answer 4

• splitting glucose molecules into two (reversible)
• occurs in the cytosol

Question 5

The inadequate exposure to sunlight could result in decreased amounts of which vitamin the body?

Answer 5

Vitamin D

Question 6

Impaired fat absorption in the intestine would interfere with the absorption of which vitamin?

Answer 6

fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K

Question 7

What is Oxidation?

Answer 7

the removal of electrons from a molecule and results in a decrease in the energy content of the molecule

Question 8

Two major eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and what? (2)

Answer 8

• bulimia nervosa
• binge eating disorder

Question 9

During cellular Respiration, which molecule enters into the mitochondrion?

Answer 9

pyruvate molecules (with oxygen)

Question 10

This term is referred to as an unhealthy state resulting from inadequate intake of one or more nutrients that becomes life-threatening as the deficiencies accumulate

Answer 10

malnutrition

Question 11

Know the nitrogen compounds (4 main)

Answer 11

• amino acids
  framework of all proteins, glycoproteins, and lipoproteins
• purines and pyrimidines
  nitrogenous bases of RNA and DNA
• creatine
  energy storage in muscle (creatine phosphate)
• porphyrins
  bind metal ions, essential to hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochromes
  They are not stored in the body
  Must be obtained by: Recycling N compounds in body OR from diet

Question 11

Which nutrient is not recommended in the MyPlate Plan?

Answer 11

oils (fats)

Question 12

What is an important trace mineral that acts as an antioxidant?

Answer 12

selenium

Question 13

Scurvy is the result of deficiency of which vitamin?

Answer 13

vitamin C

Question 14

In the Electron Transfer System (ETS), what accepts electrons from one molecule and transfers them to another?

Answer 14

a coenzyme

Question 15

Lipid-soluble vitamin overdoses primarily affect which organ?

Answer 15

liver

Question 16

What factors influence an individual’s BMR (basal metabolic rate)?

Answer 16

• age
• body composition
• physical activity
• hormone function

Question 17

Know the nutrient that yields the most energy per gram when metabolized

Answer 17

fats

Question 18

What is a T4 assay is used for?

Answer 18

a test that checks thyroid for conditions

Question 19

During cellular Respiration, which molecule enters into the Kreb Cycle?

Answer 19

acetyl CoA

Question 20

What is the first product of Kreb Cycle?

Answer 20

citric acid

Question 21

Obesity is defined as a body weight more than, what percent above the ideal body weight for an individual?

Answer 21

20%

Question 22

Know the products of Glycolysis

Answer 22

• 2 pyruvic acid
• 2 ATP net (4 ATP)

Question 23

Glycolysis produces how many molecules of Pyruvic Acid?

Answer 23

two

Question 24

The energy content of foods is commonly in what units?

Answer 24

kilo calories (calories) OR kilojules (jules)

Question 25

More than half the heat is lost from the body indoors through what process?

Answer 25

radiation

Question 26

The loss of heat energy by vaporizing water is called

Answer 26

evaporation

Question 27

The direct transfer of heat energy from one object to another through physical contact is called

Answer 27

conduction

Question 28

During Cellular Respiration, this molecule is the last electron acceptor

Answer 28

oxygen

Question 29

Physicians have found improved outcomes when forcefully cooling specific organs or the whole body prior to surgery in a process called

Answer 29

induced hypothermia OR therapeutic cooling

Question 30

In glycolysis, each molecule of glucose that is catabolized gives a net yield of how many molecules of ATP?

Answer 30

2 net, equaling a total of 4

Question 31

The strategy of eating starchy foods for several days before an athletic event is known as

Answer 31

carbohydrate loading

Question 32

Reactions within which organelle in a cell provide most of the energy needed by a typical cell?

Answer 32

mitochondria

Question 33

How many net ATP molecules are produced by the complete metabolism (all pathways) of one glucose molecule?

Answer 33

36 net

Question 34

The KrebCycle (citric acid cycle) occurs in the

Answer 34

mitochondria

Question 35

The Electron Transport System (ETC) occurs in the

Answer 35

mitochondria

Question 36

Glycolysis takes place here

Answer 36

cytosol

Question 37

The end products of aerobic respiration are

Answer 37

- carbon dioxide - water - energy

Question 38

Glycolysis is an aerobic reaction,(YES/NO)

Answer 38

YES, can also be anaerobic