Microbial genetics Ch.8

Question 1

A group of proteins that inhibit or kill other bacterial species

Answer 1

Bacteriocins

Question 2

A physical mutagen whose energy induces adjacent thymine(or cytosine) bases in the DNA to covalently link together forming dimers

Answer 2

Ultraviolet(UV) light

Question 3

A type of repair mechanism where the damaged DNA is excised, missing nucleotides are replaced with the correct ones, and the strand is sealed into the rest of the polynucleotide.

Answer 3

Excision repair

Question 4

A type of repair mechanism where the DNA polymerase adds bases and proofreads its work on the way

Answer 4

Mismatch repair

Question 5

Antibiotic that binds to the RNA polymerase so that transcription cannot initiate

Answer 5

Rifampin

Question 6

Antiviral agent which is a base analgo that can substitue for guanine during viral replication

Answer 6

Acyclovir

Question 7

Base analog that bears a close chemical resemblance to thymine

Answer 7

5-bromouracil

Question 8

Block further replication, cuasing the replication factories to dissociate

Answer 8

Terminator proteins

Question 9

Carry plasmids for the production of antibiotics

Answer 9

Streptomyces

Question 10

Chemical mutagen that converts DNA’s adenine bases to hypoxanthine bases

Answer 10

Nitrous acid

Question 11

Detect any mismatched nucleotides, remove the incorrect nucleotide in the pair, and add the correct nucleotide.

Answer 11

DNA polymerase III and DNA ploymerase I

Question 12

DNA replication starts at the

Answer 12

oriC

Question 13

Enzyme that carries out transcription

Answer 13

RNA polymerase

Question 14

Genes encoding the toxins responsible for anthrax are carried on

Answer 14

A plasmid

Question 15

Inhibit chain elongation by binding to the 50S subunit.

Answer 15

Chloramphenicol and erythromycin

Question 16

Kepp the template strand separated for the replication of complementary strands

Answer 16

Satbilizing proteins

Question 17

Moves along each strand, catalyzing the insertion of new complementary nucleotides to each template strand

Answer 17

DNA polymerase III

Question 18

Mutant having a nutritional requirement for growth i

Answer 18

Auxotroph

Question 19

Point mutation that causes no change in the amino acid sequence

Answer 19

Silent mutation

Question 20

Point mutation that generates a stop codon

Answer 20

Nonsense mutation

Question 21

Point mutation that leads to the insertion of the wrong amino acid

Answer 21

Missense mutation

Question 22

Prevents chain initiation in translation by binding to the 30S subunit

Answer 22

Tetracycline

Question 23

Replication factories are thought to be attached to the

Answer 23

Cell membrane

Question 24

Small segments of DNA which have no genetic information other than for the ability to insert into a chromosome

Answer 24

Insertion sequences (IS)

Question 25

The gaps between DNA segments are joined into a complete strand by

Answer 25

DNA ligase

Question 26

Transposable genetic element that carries additional genes for various functions (antibiotic resistance for example)

Answer 26

Transposons

Question 27

Unwind and unzip the two polynucleotide strans

Answer 27

Helicases

Question 28

Wildtype having no nutritional requirement for growth

Answer 28

Prototroph

Question 29

Bacterium used in Ame’s test

Answer 29

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium