microbiology

Question 1

shape of cocci

Answer 1

spheres

Question 2

shape of streptococci

Answer 2

chains

Question 3

shape of staphylococci

Answer 3

clusters

Question 4

shape of bacilli

Answer 4

rod shaped

Question 5

shape of vibrio

Answer 5

slightly curved rod

Question 6

gram staining of vibrio

Answer 6

gram negative

Question 7

what are spirillum

Answer 7

rigid spiral bacterium

Question 8

what are spirochaete

Answer 8

flexible spiral bacterium

Question 9

what are fusiform bacteria

Answer 9

long, slender rods

Question 10

what is the capsule of a bacteria

Answer 10

outermost later

Question 11

what are spores

Answer 11

inert structures that are resistant to physical and chemical challenge

Question 12

what staining is used for TB

Answer 12

ziehl-neeson staining

Question 13

what are capnophiles

Answer 13

bacteria who like high levels of CO2

Question 14

role of mannitol salt agar

Answer 14

allows preferential isolation of staph

Question 15

role of macconkey agar

Answer 15

facilitates the identification of Enterobacteriaceae

Question 16

how can we identify different types of strep

Answer 16

haemolysis

Question 17

what is a-haemolysis

Answer 17

partial haemolysis

Question 18

which strep are a-haemolytic

Answer 18

strep pneumo + viridans

Question 19

what is b-haemolysis

Answer 19

complete haemolysis

Question 20

what strep are b-haemolytic

Answer 20

group A and B strep

Question 21

what strep are non-haemolytic

Answer 21

enterococcus

Question 22

how do we identify different types of staph

Answer 22

coagulase test

Question 23

coagulase positive staph

Answer 23

staph aureus

Question 24

give an example of a coagulase negative staph

Answer 24

staph epi

Question 25

how do serological tests work

Answer 25

use an antibody-antigen interaction to help identify bacteria

Question 26

what is a pathogen

Answer 26

harmful organism that produces a pathology

Question 27

what is virulence

Answer 27

the capacity of a microbe to cause damage to its host

Question 28

what is a commensal

Answer 28

an organism that is part of the normal flora

Question 29

name 2 gram negative bacteria

Answer 29

neisseria
escherichia

Question 30

what is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis

Answer 30

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 31

name 4 gut commensal coliforms

Answer 31

E.coli
klebsiella
enterobacter
proteus

Question 32

first line antibiotic for coliforms

Answer 32

gentamicin

Question 33

name 3 significant gut pathogens

Answer 33

salmonella
shigella
E.coli O157

Question 34

define fever

Answer 34

temp > 38

Question 35

what increases the bodys thermal set point

Answer 35

prostaglandin E released from the hypothalamus

Question 36

importance of c.dif

Answer 36

causes antibiotic-associated diarrhoea

Question 37

what causes gas gangrene

Answer 37

c.perfringens

Question 38

importance of c.tetani

Answer 38

causes tetanus

Question 39

what is bacteraemia

Answer 39

the presence of viable bacteria in the blood

Question 40

Enterobacteriaceae on MacConkey agar

Answer 40

turns it pink

Question 41

describe H.pylori

Answer 41

gram negative flagellated bacillus

Question 42

spread of H.pylori

Answer 42

oral-oral, faecal-oral

Question 43

acute infection of H.pylori causes…

Answer 43

neutrophilic gastritis

Question 44

chronic infection of h.pylori causes…

Answer 44

non-atrophic superficial gastritis

Question 45

antibiotic for coliforms

Answer 45

gentamicin

Question 46

antibiotic for anaerobes

Answer 46

metronidazole

Question 47

antibiotics for intra-abdominal sepsis

Answer 47

gentamicin, amoxicillin, metronidazole