MIDTERMS EVALS 1 (2023) Topic/s: GLUCONEOGENESIS, PPP, GLYCOLYSIS, ECM

Question 1

Most potent activator of

phosphofructokinase known to date

Answer 1

Fructose-2,6-biphosphate

Question 2

Long chains of disaccharides

Answer 2

Proteoglycans

Question 3

Cardinal principle in collagen

biosynthesis

Answer 3

Self-assembly

Question 4

Which enzyme needs thiamine
pyrophosphate as a cofactor in carrying
out its function in transferring 2 carbon
atom in pentose sugar?
A. Transketolase
B. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
C. Transaldolase
D. Malate dehydrogenase

Answer 4

A. Transketolase

Question 5

Aldolase catalyzes the interconversion

of fructose-1,6-biphoaphate with

Answer 5

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and G3P

Question 6

Glucokinase and hexokinase differ in

that

Answer 6

Hexokinase has a lower Km for glucose

Question 7

The role of NADPH in antioxidant
reactions
A. It is a source of reducing electrons in
the reaction catalysed by glutathione
reductase
B. It is a direct source of electrons for
reducing hydrogen peroxide
C. It is involved in the reaction catalysed by
glutathione peroxidase
D. If NADPH levels fall, glutathione can
chemically detoxify hydrogen peroxide

Answer 7

A. It is a source of reducing electrons in
the reaction catalysed by glutathione
reductase

Question 8

Hypermobility of joints and

hyperextensibility of skin

Answer 8

Ehlers-danlos syndrome

Question 9

Arsenic poisoning can be explained by

Answer 9

Competition with inorganic phosphate as

substrate for G3P dehydrogenase

Question 10

True of elastin

Answer 10

Highly soluble

Question 11

Glycoprotein with repeating I, II and II
organized into functional domains
consist of Arg-Gly-Asp sequence

Answer 11

Fibronectin

Question 12

Needed by glutathione peroxidase

Answer 12

Selenium

Question 13

Glycosaminoglycan who has a critical
role in corneal transparency
A. Hyaluronic acid
B. Chondroitin sulphate
C. Karatan sulphate I
D. Keratan sulphate II
E. Heparin

Answer 13

D. Keratan sulphate II

Pwede both keratan sulphates I and II
pero ang sa choices kay KARATAN not
KERATAN

Question 14

Fermentation of D-glucose with baker’s

yeast

Answer 14

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 15

During fasting, which of the following
would tend to increase the flux of
gluconeogenesis
A. Concentration of free amino acids
decreases
B. Concentration of cAMP decreases
C. Fructose-2,6-biphosphate decreases
D. Phsophoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is
initiated

Answer 15

C. Fructose-2,6-biphosphate decreases

Question 16

True of transaldolase

Answer 16

Converts ribulose-5-phosphate to
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and
fructose-6-phosphate

Question 17

Inhibited by fluoride

Answer 17

Enolase

Question 18

Major type of collagen in skin and bones

Answer 18

Type I collagen

Question 19

True of cartilage except A. Avascular
B. Type II collagen is the principal protein
in cartilage
C. Exhibits rapid and continuous
turnover
D. Obtains nutrients from the synovial fluid

Answer 19

C. Exhibits rapid and continuous

turnover

Question 20

What happens after fasting
A. Decreased adenylate kinase
B. Decreased cAMP
C. Increased phosphofructokinase
D. Induce phosphoenolpyruvate
carboxykinase

Answer 20

D. Induce phosphoenolpyruvate

carboxykinase

Question 21

14 yr-old girl presents with fatigue, loss
of weight from fasting for 3 months
because she wants to be a skinny
legend. She has normal fasting glucose
levels, elevated ketone, and leukopenia.
What caused her hypoglycaemia
A. Impaired insulin secretion
B. Enhanced glucagon secretion
C. Impaired hydrolysis of liver glycogen
D. Impaired conversion of amino acids
to glucose

Answer 21

D. Impaired conversion of amino acids

to glucose

Question 22

Lactate from muscles becomes available
again in circulation through the process
of

Answer 22

Cori cycle

Question 23

Reaction catalysed by pyruvate kinase

Answer 23

Example of substrate level

phosphorylation

Question 24

Non-equilibrium reaction in glycolysis 
A. Hexokinase
B. Phosphofructokinase
C. Pyruvate kinase
D. All of the Above

Answer 24

D. All of the Above

Question 25

``` Glucoronic pathway in man chiefly functions to A. Furnish metabolic intermediates for fat and protein synthesis B. Oxidation of glucose chuchu C. --- D. Synthesis of vitamin C ```

Answer 25

way answer lloyd tabang

Question 26

Unique to gluconeogenesis

Answer 26

OAA to PEP

Question 27

``` When fatty acid beta oxidation predominates in the liver, mitochondrial pyruvate is most likely to be A. Carboxylated into… B. Oxidatively carboxylated into acetyl coa to enter ketogenesis C. Reduced to lactate to enter gluconeogenesis D. Oxidatively carboxylated into acetyl coa to enter krebs cycle E. Carboxylated into ```

Answer 27

D. Oxidatively carboxylated into acetyl | coa to enter krebs cycle

Question 28

``` All are characteristics of achondroplasia except A. Autosomal dominant trait B. Normal trunk size C. Short limbs D. Microcephaly E. Most common in dwarfism ```

Answer 28

D. Microcephaly

Question 29

``` Major component of glomeruli and other basal laminae A. Collagen B. Fibrillin C. Laminin ```

Answer 29

C. Laminin

Question 30

Bone

Answer 30

Type I collagen and hydroxyapatite

Question 31

ATP of aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis

Answer 31

32, 2

Question 32

``` All GAG contains sulphate group except A. Chondroitin B. Hyaluronic acid C. Heparin D. Dermatan E. Keratin ```

Answer 32

B. Hyaluronic acid

Question 33

Unidirectional reaction

Answer 33

Hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, | pyruvate kinase

Question 34

Precursor of collagen

Answer 34

Preprocollagen

Question 35

Deficient in scurvy

Answer 35

Lysyl hydroxylase

Question 36

False about elastin

Answer 36

19 genetic types (Only 1)

Question 37

Polypeptide chains with elongated | cruciform shape

Answer 37

Laminin

Question 38

Cannot synthesize ascorbate due to lack | of this enzyme

Answer 38

L-gluconolactone oxidase

Question 39

``` During myocardial infarction, oxygen supply to an area of the heart is decreased that caused cardiac myocytes to undergo anaerobic metabolism. Under this condition, which would be activated by increasing intracellular AMP? ```

Answer 39

Phosphofructokinase-1

Question 40

``` Carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate requires A. Biotin B. Niacin C. Thiamine D. Riboflavin ```

Answer 40

A. Biotin

Question 41

Enzymes associated with irreversible | steps in glycolysis

Answer 41

Hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, | pyruvate kinase

Question 42

Oxaloacetate produced from pyruvate through pyruvate carboxylase will be introduced to gluconeogenesis through

Answer 42

Oxaloacetate will be reduced to malate to be exported to the cytoplasm the converted to phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 43

Well-fed state

Answer 43

↓ glucagon, ↑ insulin = ↑ fructose 2, 6 | biphosphate = ↑glycolysis