Prelims exams (2023)

Question 1

Essential amino acids

Answer 1

A. From the diet because it cannot be synthesized by the body.

Question 2

With which of the four complexes in the electron transport chain is FADH2 needed as a reactant

Answer 2

A. Complex II

Question 3

PH: 7.29
PaCO2: 33
HCO3:19

Answer 3

Uncompensated metabolic acidosis

Question 4

A 26 yrs old gave birth to a healthy term infant, overnight hypoglycemia and ketonemia developed on the 2nd and 3rd trimester. Liver biopsy revealed decreased hepatic glycogen and mutation analysis showed mutation in glycogen synthase. What specific glycogen storage disease is presented in this case?

Answer 4

Glycogen storage disease type 0

Question 5

Salt Bridges:

A. 2-4 angstrom
B. Connection something
C. Comparable in strength to hydrogen bond
D. Comparable in strength to covalent bond.

Answer 5

C. Comparable in strength to hydrogen bond

Question 6

How does cAMP regulate glycogenolysis and glycogenesis?

Answer 6

Simultaneously activates phosphorylase and deactivates Glycogen synthase.

Question 7

Cytochrome which is soluble and readily extractable from the mitochondrial membrane.

A. Cytochrome A
B. Cytochrome C
C. Cytochrome B
D. Cytochrome aa3

Answer 7

B. Cytochrome C

Question 8

Process/Step that produces FADH2

Answer 8

Succinate to Fumarate

Question 9

Fill in the missing substances in the following electron transport chain sequence reaction.

Answer 9

FMNH2; 2Fe(II)SP; CoQH2

Question 10

Which of the following does not occur in RBCs?

A. Beta oxidation of Fatty Acids
B. PPP
C. Glycolysis
D. Fatty acid synthesis

Answer 10

A. Beta oxidation of Fatty Acids

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of inhibitor for the complex III in ETC?

A. Cyanide
B. Antimycin A
C. Hydrogen Sulfide
D. Barbiturates

Answer 11

B. Antimycin A

Question 12

16. The Px was diagnosed having 2,4- Dinitrophenyl poisoning. (Dinitrophenol- example of uncouplers)

A. Inhibition of Complex I
B. Inhibition of Complex IV
C. Increased permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane to protons
D. Blocking the flow of protons thru ATP synthase

Answer 12

C. Increased permeability of inner mitochondrial membrane to protons

Question 13

Prosthetic Group of Peroxidases

Answer 13

Protoheme

Question 14

18. Which statement is true about BMI? It is computed as:

A. Kg/cm2
B. Cm2/Kg
C. lb/m2
D. Kg/m2

Answer 14

D. Kg/m2

Question 15

Vitamin needed in succinyl dehydrogenase

Answer 15

Riboflavin

Question 16

21. Pompe disease- What enzyme determined in the latter test?

Answer 16

Acid Alpha Glucosidase

Question 17

Process if you eat a carbohydrate rich meal and excess ________ is taken away from blood and stored in tissues via _________.

Answer 17

Glucose, Glycogenesis

Question 18

23. Protein phosphatase-1 catalyzes?

A. Dephosphorylation of phosphorylase a
B. Dephosphorylation of phosphorylase b
C. Dephosphorylation of Glycogen Synthase A
D. Phosphorylation of phosphorylase b

Answer 18

A. Dephosphorylation of phosphorylase a

Question 19

24. Greatest source of High Energy Phosphate

A. TCA
B. Oxidative Phosphorylation
C. Glycolysis
D. PPP

Answer 19

B. Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 20

25. The system is at equilibrium and no net change takes place:

A. ΔG is zero
B. ΔG is positive
C. ΔG is negative

Answer 20

A. ΔG is zero

Question 21

26. Isoenzyme present in the liver that increases the concentration of G6P as the concentration of glucose increases

A. PEP Carboxylase
B. Pyruvate Synthase
C. Hexokinase

Answer 21

C. Hexokinase

Question 22

DM type 2

Answer 22

Impaired sensitivity of tissues to insulin action

Question 23

Linkage between Glucose units catalyzed by Glycogen Synthase:

A. Alpha 1-6
B. Beta 1-4
C. Alpha 1-4

Answer 23

C. Alpha 1-4

Question 24

Rate Limiting step in Glycogenolysis

Answer 24

Glycogen phosphorylase

Question 25

Insulin response

Answer 25

Vesicles containing GLUT4 fuse with plasma membrane

Question 26

Cofactor of COA: A. Riboflavin B. Niacin C. Thiamine D. Pantothenic Acid

Answer 26

D. Pantothenic Acid

Question 27

34. Intermediate carrier of electron from acyl COA dehydrogenase to respiratory chain A. NAD linked dehydrogenase B. FAD linked Dehydrogenase C. Electron Transport Flavoprotein

Answer 27

C. Electron Transport Flavoprotein

Question 28

2FADH2 produces how many ATP? A. 1.5 mol ATP B. 2.5 mol ATP C. 3 mol ATP D. 5 mol ATP

Answer 28

C. 3 mol ATP

Question 29

Final acceptor of electron in Electron Transport Chain

Answer 29

Oxygen

Question 30

Which part of the cycle uses magnesium?

Answer 30

Oxalosuccinate decarboxylation to A-ketoglutarate

Question 31

Non-essential amino acids are: A. Supplied in the diet because the body cannot synthesize it on its own B. Supplied via transamination within the body

Answer 31

B. Supplied via transamination within the body

Question 32

Removal of Hydrogen. Oxygen as hydrogen acceptor

Answer 32

Oxidase

Question 33

42. Physical activity increases metabolic rate by how many percent? A. 20%-30% B. 30%-40% C. 40%-50% D. 50%-60%

Answer 33

C. 40%-50%

Question 34

State where respiration increases:

Answer 34

State 3 (increased respiration occurs in state 3 and 5, state 5 wala sa choices. Resting state is State 4.) Notes: -Conditions limiting the rate of respiration: State 1- Availability of ADP & substrate. State2 – Availability of Substrate only. State 3- Capacity of respiratory chain itself State 4- Availability of ADP only State 5- Availability of 02

Question 35

Dielectric constant of H20

Answer 35

78.5

Question 36

Site of G6P activity: A. Mitochondria B. Cell Membrane C. ER D. Cytoplasm

Answer 36

D. Cytoplasm

Question 37

In malate transport, due to this compound’s impermeability, it needs to bind with glutamate to form aspartate. A. A-ketoglutarate B. Oxaloacetate C. Malate D. Glycerophosphate

Answer 37

B. Oxaloacetate

Question 38

True of amylopectin A. Linear B. Linked by Alpha-1,6 C. Branches every 10-12 glucose units D. Linked by Alpha-1,4

Answer 38

B. Linked by Alpha-1,6

Question 39

Brain metabolizes ketone bodies to meet _______ of its energy requirement while the rest is supplied by glucose. A. 10% B. 20% C. 30% D. 40%

Answer 39

B. 20%

Question 40

Active glycogen synthase

Answer 40

Dephosphorylated

Question 41

Primary compensation of Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 41

Increase CO2

Question 42

Arsenic poisoning

Answer 42

Inhibit Succinyl COA formation | accumulation: of A-Ketoglutarate

Question 43

Ketogenic Amino Acid A. Leucine B. Isoleucine C. Phenyl D. Tyrosine

Answer 43

A. Leucine

Question 44

Px has Rhabdomyolysis, high Creatine Phosphokinase; Tested negative for phosphofructokinase (substrate used sa test is Fructose-6-phosphate) but tested positive when the substrate used was Fructose-6-biphosphate

Answer 44

Tarui

Question 45

Glycogenin

Answer 45

Forms glycogen primer

Question 46

Gives rise to both Acetyl COA and intermediates that can be used for Gluconeogenesis.

Answer 46

Tyrosine

Question 47

Which is true about phosphatase 1?

Answer 47

It is inhibited by inhibitor-1, which is activated after it is phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent kinase

Question 48

Glucose-1-phosphate attaches with what to form the active nucleotide UDPG1c?

Answer 48

Uridine triphosphate

Question 49

DM type 1

Answer 49

Impaired synthesis of Insulin

Question 50

Energy needed to break the hydrogen bond between water: A. 3.5 B. 4.5 C. 5.3 D. 5.4

Answer 50

B. 4.5 * Energy requirements to break bonds of H20: * 4.5 Kcal/mol= hydrogen bond between water molecules * 110Kcal/mol= Covalent bond of O-H within the H20 molecule

Question 51

(Case) Indicative of Glycogen Storage Disease type III. Liver biopsy results should show:

Answer 51

D. Accumulation of characteristic branched polysaccharide.