Mini unit 6 test

Question 1

Two Sides in the Civil war

Answer 1

Union: Consisted of the northern states. Wanted to end/stop the spread of slavery.
Confederacy:Consisted of southern states that ceded from the union when Lincoln became president. Wanted to protect and expand slavery.

Question 2

Radical Republicans

Answer 2

a group within the republican party that consisted of free soilers and abolitionists, advocated strong resistance to the expansion. Believed that slavery should become a target to the union.

Question 3

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 3

Declaration made by Abe Lincoln that claimed that all slaves shall be free in the states in rebellion of the union(the southern states)
Allowed Black Man authority to join the union army.
The reason civil war was about slavery.
Controversial for it only freed the slaves in southern states, not those working in the north.

Question 4

Black Troops

Answer 4

Groups of african american soldiers fighting for the union.
Worked as laborers than in combat and didn’t get fair pay in the army, were still mistreated. Worked in many groups supervised by a white solider.
Blacks working in the naval were treated equally.

Question 5

Draft Riots in New York

Answer 5

Riots that occured in 1863 due to the unfair war drafting in the north. Shows that there were people in the north that were against the union. Riot was bloody and Lincoln was forced to send troops to stop the riot, left some northerners wary of Lincoln.

Question 6

Southern Unionists

Answer 6

Against particular beliefs, many southern citizens sympathized with the union and disliked the slavery institution. As the war continued and the south’s economy and precious resources were being wasted, many citizens organized peaceful movements actively promoting the end of slavery and the war.

Question 7

Ten-Percent Plan of Reconstruction

Answer 7

Drafted by Lincoln in 1863, in which southern states rejoin the union if 10% of the 1860 electorate signed loyalty to the union and accepted the emancipation in return for presidential pardons.
African Americans were displeased with this plan for it did not give former slaves any rights to citizenship.

Question 8

Reconstruction

Answer 8

Occurs right have the civil war.
Lincoln was elected as president once more with Andrew Johnson as Vice president.
A plan was made by Lincoln in his second inaugural address where he would reconstruct both northern and southern states.
-slavery would end, soldiers on both sides of the war will be taken care of, addressed what to do with widowed wives and orphaned children, give help to former slaves as they started their new lives, improve education in the south.
GOAL: HELP EVERYONE
Many southerns hated/disliked it.

Question 9

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 9

Amendment that abolished slavery fully!
Had a loophole that gave southerns the opportunity to recaptured slaves and force them to work, but only if they former slaves were arrest.
-Lead to southerns making the Black Codes.

Question 10

War Ends

Answer 10

Union swept in and won the war. The confederacy was forced back into the union. Slavery was abolished and the southerns reached an all time low as they waited for what the union would do with them as punishment.

Question 11

Black Freedom

Answer 11

Slavery ended, including all the injustices of slavery. Given access to education, land, better jobs, weapons, alcohol, and more.
Gained freedom to vote in 1870 under the 15th Amendment.

Question 12

Political Freedom

Answer 12

Determined to gain the ability to vote, free blacks did everything they could to get that and joined the public sphere. Came together in conventions, petition drives, and assemblies.

Question 13

Land and Labor

Answer 13

Former slaves were given the opportunity to have lands in the south, only if they labored in fields of the lands white’s offered them.
Unpaid labor= the right to land.

Question 14

Freedman’s Bureau

Answer 14

An agency established by congress in March 1865, to attempt to establish a working free labor system.
Helped to enlarge education and health-care to poor whites and blacks everywhere.
Poor white southerns felt threatened and hated the bureau, placed them in the same class as African americans, which they hated.

Question 15

Sharecropping

Answer 15

type of farm tenancy in which landless workers–often former slaves— farmed land in exchanged for farm supplies ans share of crops. System was rigged by the south, and many former slaves were unable to quit and move somewhere else.

Question 16

Aftermath of Slavery

Answer 16

Emancipation of slavery heavily angered the southern states. Felt like their rights were stripped away from them. Lost the ability to vote and revolts against the reconstruction plan by creating many terrorist cults that went after free blacks and sympathetic whites. Tried everything in their power to kick-start slavery.

Question 17

Andrew Johnson

Answer 17

President after Lincoln, was horrible.
A southern sympathizer, he ignored doing anything about the black codes, doesn’t want equality and suffrage for free blacks. Vetoes the Civil Rights Bill. Eliminates Freedmen’s Bureau
His goal was to create a country only for white men.
The first president to get impeached

Question 18

Black Codes

Answer 18

Laws passed in southern states to restrict the rights of former slaves: denied blacks the right to testify against whites, to serve on juries or in state militia, or to vote. Enlisted sharecropping and made stupid rules in order to put blacks in jail so that they would be up for convict leasing(prisoners became land laborers)

Question 19

Thaddeus Stevens

Answer 19

A radical who aimed to confiscate the land of disloyal planters and divide it among former slaves and northern migrants into the south.
Pushed for black suffrage.
Andrew Johnson’s political rival.

Question 20

The Civil Rights Bill of 1866

Answer 20

A legislation that guaranteed the rights of citizenship to former slaves.
Argued to get rid of the Black Codes, and wanted equal liberty between all races.
Johnson vetoed the bills.
Congress gets involved and creates the fourteenth amendment.

Question 21

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 21

Drafted by congress: guaranteed citizenship to people born in the U.S, eliminates the Dred Scott Case and gives blacks citizenship.
Equality under the law- life, liberty, and property values to all.

Question 22

Impeachment

Answer 22

Andrew Johnson gets impeached. Causes the legislative branch and executive branch to fight. Led to a constitutional crisis.
House of Reps were quick to vote for his impeachment, but the Senate was one vote short to fully remove Johnson from office.
Impeachment of Johnson fails ):

Question 23

Ulysses S. Grant

Answer 23

President after Johnson.
Very sympathetic to Radical Republicans and wasn’t against the idea of punishing the south.
Forms another Reconstruction act and spends money to help rebuild the South.

Question 24

Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 24

Drafted by congress against the K.K.K: the rights of citizenship/to vote cannot be taken away due to race, gender, and color.
Causes a rift to form between the women’s rights movement and the civil rights movement.
Protected black citizenship.

Question 25

Radical Reconstruction(in the south)

Answer 25

Reconstruction Act inspired outburst of political organization in the south.
Plantation workers organized strikes for higher wages, abolition movements, occurred and many turned in Republicans.

Question 26

Black Officeholders

Answer 26

Blacks became the majority of officeholders in the government. 14 were elected into the House of Rep, 2 blacks served in the Senate.
Angered the south.

Question 27

Carpetbaggers

Answer 27

A term that southerns called a person who moved from the north to the south during the reconstruction period for economical advantages and to help improve southern economy and education.

Question 28

Scalawags

Answer 28

A derogatory term/name used by southerns as a name for southern whites who supported the reconstruction movement and equal rights to all races.

Question 29

Overthrow of the Reconstruction

Answer 29

Many terrorist cults formed during the reconstruction period in the south. These groups rioted and rebelled and did everything they could to end the reconstruction plan and to put blacks back into slavery and to reestablish southern authority.

Question 30

The Ku Klux Klan

Answer 30

A terrorist organization led by planters,merchants, and democratic politicians that committed some of the most brutal attacks and criminal acts in American history.
Lynched African Americans, and launched terror against republicans(people and leaders which include blacks and whites)

Question 31

Enforcement Acts

Answer 31

Acts adopted by congress: outlawing terrorist societies and allowing the president to use the army against such organization. Continued the expansion of national authority during reconstruction.
Many organizations including the KKK were driven out of existence.

Question 32

Redeemers

Answer 32

Southern democrats that did everything in their power to redeem the south from the corruption and misgovernment from northern and black control.
Conducted acts of violence and regained most control of the southern state governments.

Question 33

Bargain of 1877

Answer 33

An informal, unwritten deal where Hayes won the election only if he would remove the federal troops in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana.
Hayes ends the reconstruction era and the southern power grows once more, leading to the downfall of blacks and northerns, and republicans.

Question 34

End of Reconstruction

Answer 34

The end of reconstruction resulted in massive failures.
-disenfranchised blacks one more
-‘New slavery”: convict leasing/sharecropping
-Redeemers
-Black Codes
_South regains power once more ):