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APUSH > Period 4 Test > Flashcards

Period 4 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Adams presidency

A

Disliked and drowned in crises
made the aliens and sedition acts
had a huge influence on the judicial branch
starts a Quasi war with France in 1798
bad :(

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2
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Four measures passed in 1798 that limited freedoms of speech and press and restricted liberty of non-citizens
-non-citizens had no right to vote
-treason if anyone spoke negatively about the government
-era was called the reign of witches(lasted for 14 years)

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3
Q

Virginia Resolution 1798

A

written by James Madison
- encouraged that the sedition acts were unconstitutional
-Federal government has the requirement to protect freedom of speech

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4
Q

Kentucky Resolution 1798

A

written by Thomas Jefferson
- Encouraged that the sedition acts were unconstitutional
-states are required to protect freedom of speech(yet they can also limit it)

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5
Q

Jefferson Presidency

A

-wants to unregulate trade(Federal gov should not be involved)
-Eliminates federal taxes
-Gets rid of the Sedition acts
aimed for freedom of press and religion
-friends to all, but allied with no one

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6
Q

Haitian Revolution

A

A revolution that occured on the Saint Domingue
-lead by Toussaint L’Ouverture
-Slave uprising in a sugar plantation
-Napoleon gets involved(but loses)
-Revolution wins and free blacks drafted a new constitution(no more slavery)
-Becomes an independent state(Haiti)

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7
Q

Gabriel’s Rebellion

A

occured in Richmond, Virginia
- led by Gabriel(intelligent slave)
-Rebellion conducted by slaves
-Rebellion was defeated(Gabriel was betrayed)
-resulted in stricter laws of punishment and free blacks were driven from the southern states.

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8
Q

Marbury vs. Madison

A

First supreme court decision
-Court had assumed the right to determine whether an act of congress violates the constitution

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9
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

Napoleon handed Louisiana to America after the Haitian Revolution
- Doubled American territory
-Opened the possibility of slave states

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10
Q

War of 1812

A

-Madison was president
-Wanted to stop the British from impressing American ships
-Struggled financially
-Britain burned down the White House
-Star spangled banner was created during that time.
-war ended in a draw

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11
Q

Andrew Jackson

A

President during the 1830s
-dramatically expands the power of the president
-General during the Battle of New Orleans
-Heavily hated the Federal Government
-Extremely racist to Natives and Blacks

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12
Q

Market Revolution

A

-reshaped the idea of freedom; identifying it more closely to Economic opportunity
-encouraged western expansion
-slavery grew
-Communication and transportation improved greatly(Canals, railroads, telegraphs, and more)

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13
Q

Westward Expansion

A

6 new states became a part of the union after more people moved west.
-Became home to regional cultures
-created the Cotton Kingdom

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14
Q

Cotton Kingdom

A

Due to Eli Whitney’s invention: the cotton gin, cotton grew in price
-Cotton production and slavery grew greatly
-many slaves were divided throughout the southern states

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15
Q

Factory System

A

Takes production and places it in a centralized location
-people were divided into groups that did one singular job
-was much more cheaper
-most children worked in the factories
-Capitalism was introduced

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16
Q

Irish Immigration and German Immigration

A

The first immigrants of America
-Fled to America because of Great Famine in Europe
-Most settled in North America to find work
-irish:built railroads, dug canals, and worked as common laborers
-German:Craftsmen, shopkeepers and farmers

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17
Q

Nativism

A

Immigrants encountered intense hostility in America
-Americans questioned if they should allow them into the state due to the Irish’s influence on religion
-grew openly against them

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18
Q

Individualism

A

-Market Revolution made Americans to become more focused on themselves
-Americans were proud to be workers(held themselves in high regard
-helped inspired Democracy
-‘self made man”

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19
Q

“Self-made man”

A

the idea that whoever achieved success in America did not as a result of hereditary privilege or government favoritism, but through intelligence and hard work
-Produced a middle class
-produced new opportunities for law, medicine, teaching, and farmers

20
Q

Free Blacks and Lack of Opportunity

A

-Excluded from new economic opportunity
-suffered discrimination
-abused by whites
-banned from schools
-could not vote
-downward mobility

21
Q

Democracy in America

A

By 1840, democratic political institution came to define American identity
-Personal independence relied on the ownership of one-self
-eliminated property requirement to vote in 1850

22
Q

Alexis De Tocqueville

A

A french writer who visited the unties states
-wrote “democracy in America”
-divided america into democrats and whigs

23
Q

Commonwealth v. Hunt

A

Landmark 1842 ruling of the Massachusetts supreme court establishing the legality of labor unions
-Benefited big corporations(had power over the union)

24
Q

Disenfranchisement/Blacks

A

1821: New York raised requirements to vote on blacks
1835:North Carolina disenfranchised blacks
1860s:Only six states allowed blacks to vote

25
Q

The American System

A

System that stated that the federal government had the means to improve american economy
-‘infant industries
-Tariffs
-Second Bank of the US

26
Q

Tariff of 1816

A

offered protection to goods that could be produced in the U.S(cotton)
-southerns supported it

27
Q

Second Bank of the United States

A

Became the focus of public resentment(Jackson included)
issued paper money instead of using gold or silver

28
Q

Era of Good Feelings

A

1816: James Monroe became president
-one political party(political division faded)
-bad feelings around on the idea of slavery(further dividing the north and the south)
-Federalists become National Republicans(whigs)
-property requirements to vote lessened in its restrictions

29
Q

Missouri Compromise

A

Compromise composed by Jesse Thomas and the court in 1820
-Slavery would become prohibited in all it’s remaining territory of the louisiana purchase/free blacks could not enter the states
-raised the issue of westward expansion of slavery:Political parties separated once more

30
Q

The Monroe Doctrine

A

Drafted by John Quincy Adams in 1823.
-expressed that the U.S would oppose further efforts at colonization of European powers
-warned europeans to not interfere with the newly independent Latin America(America wanted to do that)
-Would abstain from involvement in the wars of Europe

31
Q

Election of 1824

A

John Quincy Adams won election(even though Jackson won more votes)
-very corrupt
-viewed federal power a good thing
-set up legislations that promoted agriculture, manufacturing, commerce, and art
-laid the groundwork of a new system of political parties
-alliance between clay and Adams

32
Q

Democratic Party

A

established by Martin Van Buren
-represented the ‘producing class’
-did not support federal gov
-pro-slavery/protection
-southern supports/lower income working class people in north
-wants a limited government
-freedom=privacy

33
Q

Whigs

A

-supports the American system
-federal government has a role to play in economy
-strong federal government
-most support came from north/wealthy southerners
-has religious support
- freedom=public ‘virtue’

34
Q

Age of Jackson

A

vision of democracy excluded blacks and natives
-suspicious of banks and paper money
-state shoulds be the vocal of governmental activity
-opposed federal efforts to shape economy or interference with individual lives.
-Spoils system(gave governmental jobs to friends)

35
Q

Indian Removal Act

A

1830- early law of Jackson that provided funds for uprooting the five civilized tribes left in American territory
-goal was to wipe out all Natives
-wanted to open up the native lands in order to make for more plantation-based lands
-Military forcibly removed natives from their home

36
Q

Trail of Tears

A

-A trail natives were forced to walk once they were removed from their homes
-1/3 of the population died from harsh weather conditions and mistreatment

37
Q

Hartford Convention

A

-Southern states were getting more representation while Northerns states didn’t
-Northern states wanted a change in the constitution

38
Q

transcendentalists

A

A group of philosophers that encouraged that the identification of American freedom with the absence of laws that limited personal development and economical advancement

39
Q

Ralph Waldo Emerson

A

A philosopher who wrote “the value of a Private man”
-encouraged no limitations on personal/economical advancements
-freedom was an open minded process of self-realization

40
Q

Henry David Thoreau

A

A philosopher who persuaded that society stilted individual judgement

41
Q

The Second Great Awakening

A

Religious revival movement of the early decades of the 19th century, in reaction to the growth of secularism and rationalist religion
-Christianity ruled
-people have the ability to change their destiny
-encouraged good morals
-some slaves benefited from this, for they were freed

42
Q

Cult of Domesticity

A

ideology of virtue and modesty as the qualities that were essential to proper womanhood
-embraced a new definition of femininity
-provided to sustain(locked in)homes
-celebration of motherhood

43
Q

working women

A

Had several disadvantages
-had a sense of identity and independence
-could not compete freely for employment

44
Q

Spoils system

A

the filling of government jobs with people loyal to the party of the president
-created by Jackson
-partial reason politics divided.

45
Q

Nullification crisis

A

The attempt South Carolina made to nullify the 1832 federal tariff law.
-States vs the Federal gov

46
Q

pet banks

A

a nickname given to state run banks that were given more power because they were loyal to President Andrew Jackson

APUSH (8 decks)

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