Mitosis Flashcards
(16 cards)
Goal of Mitosis
Cell division for growth and healing
Chromosomes
Structures that house the cells DNA
Chromatids
Two identical copies of DNA abound at the centromere
Spindle Fibers
Direct the movement of chromosomes during cell division; provides cellular structure
Cytokinesis
The division in the cytoplasm
How do cells know other cells are around?
Receptor proteins stick out of cell membranes grabbing signal molecules from nearby cells.
Benign
Tumor that remains at the side of origin; does not have the capacity to spread
Malignant
Tumors that do have the ability to invade other tissues, causing tumor growth
Metastasis
The spread of cancer cells beyond their site of origin
Oncogene
A cancer causing gene; when exposed to carcinogens they become mutated and cancerous
Somatic Cells
Diploid; produced during mitosis for growth and repair
Gametes
Sperm and egg (sex) cells produced during meiosis; haploid
Haploid
Cells with one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes
Diploid
Body cells with pairs of homologous chromosomes
What happens to the number of chromosomes in mitosis vs meiosis?
The number of chromosomes is unchanged in mitosis; number of chromosomes are cut in half during meiosis.
Crossing Over
During Prophase I, homologous chromosomes come together randomly exchanging genetic information; provides genetic variation
