MOD 4 - COURSE 1 PT 2 - MOUSE Flashcards
(28 cards)
What one of the most important actions to take to reduce physiologcal changes due to transportation
- stopping chronic stress- minimise post trip stress
what can transport stress do to the animal
- activation of brain
- changes in behaviour
- neuroendocrine an dpeipheral endocrine responses
- activation of homeostatic mechanisms
what are some sources of stress during transport
- thermal
- space allocation
- food and water
- social interactions
- handling
what are some transport recomendation for mice
- allow 2-5 days for mice to retun to normal ( immune function )
- expect level of coricosterone to increase - so reproductive perforance = decrease
- bedding = provoded - absorb urine - maintain comfort
- provide food as pellets - water as solid water
- acclimatize aniaml before transport
how long should mcie acclimitize before shipment
5-7 days
what stressors does transportation involve
- physiological
- physical
- psycological
what does the lenght of time from transportation quarinitine is affected
depends on type and duration of animal transportation and intended use of animals
what does the stress assocaited with transportation effect on phyiological system in lab mice include…
- changes in cardiovascular, ednocrine, immune, CNS, Reproductive system
- these changes= short lived but is why the aniamls need acclimatisation
how does training animals help
- maintain high degree of reliability in participating in experiemntal events
- less stress beenfit welfare and quality of research
- reccomneded by legislation
what does training provide?
- improve husbandry and vet care
- reduce abnromal and stereotypic behaviour
- reduce aggression
- improve socialization
- enrich program
- improve psychological well being
what is positive reinforcment behaviour
- reqard desired behaviour
- increase animals control over environemnt - as it desensitises aniamls
- pair a primary reinforcer - desired food item with intiall neutral stimulus i.e. whistle and click - establish stimulus as a secondaary reinforcer
different mice requires differnt husbandry techniques list the different types of animals
- germ free axenic - no microorganisms living or on it
- defined flora or gnotobiotic - mice colonised with limited number of known bacteria
- specific pathogen free - free os designmated pathogenic organisms
- conventional - health statis - not usually defined
what faciliteis are available to maintain these specific organisms - mice
- most facilities designed to keep SPF or opportunisitc microoragnsims
- equipemetn - ventilated racks and caging systems = HEPA - hilterd and laminar flow hood, water treatment systems - sterilization
- procedures - PPE - for personnel, disinfections
- sterilisation methods of equipment - food and water consumables - given sterilised beddin and food - maintain specific pathogen free
detailed SOP - moveing and handling aniamls coupled with consistent record keeping
what are common disease prevelant diseases in lab mice
- mouse hepatitis virus MHV
- DIFFERENT MOUSE PARAVOVIRUSES
- EDIM - diarrhoea
- Mouse norovirus
- helicobacter
- corynebacterium bovis
- pneumocytisis
- mouse - pinworms
- mites
what are some characteristics of mouse hepatitis virus
- high evolutionary capacity - several stains
- moderate prevelance
- virsu groups - enterotropic or polytropic (intestinal)
- clinical signs - rare
- wasting syndrome - immunodeficent mice
- not infectous after 48 hours
- short term transfer by fomites - equipement
- highly contagious 0 can spread
what are some characterisitcs of enterotrophic mouse hepatitis virus
clinical signs - gross lesion - rare in healthy mice
- virus replications in GI tract
- uncommon secondary sites
- clearnace - B cells
- not cleared in uMT mice
- dissemination - prevented by T cells
what are the effects of mouse hepatitis virus
- prolonged immunological effects - immunomodulation
- NK, B, T cells effected
- infects monocytes, macrophages, bone marrow dendritic cells
- delayed allogenic graft rejection
- alter course of concurrent infections - helicobacter hepaticus
what strains of mouse poxivirus
- MPV-1, MPV-2, MPV-3, MPV-4
what are the characteristics of mouse poxvirus
- persistent infection
- no anatomic lesions, even in severe combined immunodeficinet mice
- different strains - not very cross reactive by ELISA MFIA
what strain of mice is most resistant to MPV infections
- C57BL/6 mice and congenic strains - required 10-100X infection dose - DBA/2 only slightly better
what can control MPV
- cant burn out - infection = persistent
- elimination by redervation
- C-sections = used - then offspring = carfeully tested
- detected from sperm and pre-implation embryo
- no envelope = active in environement
- mist throughly disinfect environemnt - materials and equipement with oxidizing agents
what handling restraint for mouse = used
- small size - vulnerable to injury - active - different methods - restraining mice - depends on purpose
- picking mice up from tail - cause stress
- gentle hanfling - reduce adversion - low anxiety
- method - involved cage unnel - no contact
- second is to cup hand- no restrain - hold mouse - closed hands 30s - familerize mouse with handlers
how to transfer mice between cages
- restraining for procedures - preresequite - skills all based good handling and restrain techniqeues
gentle approaches - acclimitisation -practicing restrain before procedures - less stress - restraint methods for mice
- cupping tunnel
- scruff
- restrain device
what refinements are there in handling mice
- handle regularly when yound
- reward co-operation
- reduce stress by repititiona dn reward
- be consistent - gentle and firm
- let them know when you are
- do not suprise them
- what does the aniamls body language tell you
- approach with confidence
- movement = unhurried and smooth
- remain calm adnapproach the animal confidently
- avoid sudden- jerky movement
- use firm and gently handling
- stay focused
- get confortable with you aniamsl
- animals being used to handling = easier to handle
