MOD 4 - COURSE 2 - PT 1 - RAT

Question 1

WHATS THE MOST COMMON SPECIES OF RAT USED

Answer 1

• Rattus Norvegicus

Question 2

is inbred or outbred stock most commonly used for rats in the lab

Answer 2

• outbred stock

Question 3

what are common outbred stocks of rats

Answer 3

• long evans LE, sprague Dawley, Wister

Question 4

what are common inbred strains

Answer 4

• Lewis
• Fischer 344

Question 5

what are characteristics of Long Evans

Answer 5

• smaller rats, white body with black patches, head = black hooded

Question 6

what are the characteristics of Sprague dawley

Answer 6

• albino rats, long narrow head
• tails same legnth as body

Question 7

what are the charactersitics of lewis rat strain?

Answer 7

• albino rats
  models of :
• transplantation research
• induce arthritis/inflammation
• experimental allergic encephalitis
• STZ -induce diabetes

Question 8

what are the characteritsitcs of the Fischer 344 rat strain

Answer 8

• albino rats
  models:
• general multi purpose model
• aging
• drug saftery and efficacy testing
• surgical model
• oncology
• nutritiion

Question 9

how to handle and restrain rats

Answer 9

• firm and gently approach to handling rats is best
• avoid - tail handling
• can grap base of tail for short peiods
• scruff restraint
• avoid constricting chest

Question 10

whats the body temperature of rats

Answer 10

• 35.9-37.5’C

Question 11

whats the avg HR of rats

Answer 11

• 250-600bpm

Question 12

whats the avg of respiration rate of rats

Answer 12

• 66-144 breaths per minute

Question 13

• whats the avg weight of male adult rats, female adult rates and newbord rats?

Answer 13

300-500g
200-400g
~5g

Question 14

what is the life span of the rats

Answer 14

2.5-3.5 years

Question 15

avg water consumptions of rats

Answer 15

24-60ml per day

Question 16

avg food consumption per day

Answer 16

food consumption 15-30 g per day

Question 17

how do you determine geder of females

Answer 17

• ango-genital distance = shorter in females - mammary tissue will be easily visualised in older animals
• men 0 visualise scrotal sck in older animals

Question 18

what are the breeding types in rats

Answer 18

• monogamous pairs
  polygamous groups or harems
  -

Question 19

how many days until sexual maturity of rats

Answer 19

~50days

Question 20

how long is the oestrous cycle

Answer 20

4-5 days

Question 21

gestation period of rats

Answer 21

20-22 days

Question 22

whats the avg litter size of rats

Answer 22

7-11 pups

Question 23

whats the weaning age of the pups

Answer 23

21 days

Question 24

whats the normal behaviour of rats

Answer 24

• nocturnal
• high metabolic rate
• active grooming
• adaptable to group housing
• rarely aggressive unles provoked

Question 25

whats abnormal posture of rats

Answer 25

- hunched appearance = sign of disease

Question 26

how is porphyrin releated to rats in health or disease

Answer 26

- secreted by harderian gland behind eye - present in ters and saliva - red to brown colours excessive production = sign of distress

Question 27

what can be signs of malocclusion? and how can malocclusion be stopped

Answer 27

- dental misalignments - caused by genetic, physical and enviornemntal - signs - overgrown incissors - decreased food intakes - teeths can be clipped 0 ongoing maintanence

Question 28

what is the room temp needed for rats

Answer 28

- 20-24'C (with nesting materials)

Question 29

whats the relative humidity needed for rats

Answer 29

- 45%-65%

Question 30

whats the avg air exchange rate room changes per hour

Answer 30

- 15-20 per hour

Question 31

what are the types of cages

Answer 31

- conventional - show box - filter top - micro isolator - ventilated racks - glove box isolators

Question 32

how should food and water be given

Answer 32

- feed and water ad libitum - pelleted food - automatic water systems or water bottles