Module 1 Flashcards
(75 cards)
1
Q
Definition of health by WHO
A
state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not simply an absence of disease or infirmity
2
Q
Does spiritual well-being contribute to health
A
yes
3
Q
What does holistic healthcare consider?
A
consideration of the whole person, including their body, mind and spirit - WHO doesn’t consider spirituality
4
Q
What are western-based approaches driven by
A
- Data
- influenced by conventional scientific approaches
5
Q
What is the two-eyed seeing approach
A
framework that combines the strengths of both indigenous and western knowledge, acknowledging that no single perspective is better
6
Q
What does the balanced perspective of two-eyed seeing approach offer
A
an opportunity for healthcare professionals to begin to address the ongoing impacts of colonization and marginalization, and reduce negative health outcomes
7
Q
What is the message of the indigenous medicine wheel
A
reminder of the need for alignment in various determinants of health
8
Q
what do the four directions of the medicine wheel represent
A
physical (west)
emotional (south)
mental (north)
spiritual (east)
9
Q
what does the centre of the medicine wheel represent
A
learning
Beauty
harmony
10
Q
what does the circular shape of the medicine wheel symbolize
A
the interconnectivity of all aspects of ones being, including the connection with the natural world
11
Q
What are the health-promoting conditions
A
- the availability of health services (access)
- adequate housing (safe & secure)
- safe working conditions
- nutritious food
12
Q
How are indigenous communities reclaiming their traditional way of life and health
A
- Opaskwayak Cree Nation-signed declaration to give them jurisdiction over their child
- Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte - established a community health program that promotes health and provides health services to all community members independent of status, and whether the person is on or off reserve
13
Q
Indian Act of 1876
A
colonial government assimilating indigenous people
14
Q
What was the goal of the Indian act?
A
- civilize indigenous peoples by Christianising them
- disconnecting them from their formed ways of life
- forcing them into permanent agriculture settlements
15
Q
What did indigenous people lose as a result of colonialism
A
- sense of cultural identity
- families
- land
- spiritual and medicinal and healing practices
16
Q
How does the Indian act continue to impact health of indigenous populations today
A
- indigenous communities still recovering from restrictions
- barriers such as remote access to healthcare, unsafe living and working conditions, lack of social support
17
Q
What is global health
A
- area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide.
18
Q
Four factors global health was established based on?
A
- data and evidence
- population focused
- social justice
- emphasis on prevention
19
Q
What are the different aspects that go into public health
A
- government contributions & resources
- societal contributions
- public health
20
Q
What does public health promote ?
A
- highest attainment of health for all people and deals with health from population perspective
21
Q
What does public health ensure?
A
- health is addressed early in life and that access to health resources are available when needed
22
Q
what are the components of public health
A
- health promotion
- population health assessment
- disease and injury prevention
- health protection
- health and disease surveillance
23
Q
what is the aim of public health
A
- keep population healthy through several components
24
Q
What are the three pillars of public health
A
- prevention
- protection
- promotion
25
what does the WHO act as?
- directing and coordinating authority for health within the united nations system
26
Why was the universal declaration of human rights created?
- to recognize the basic freedom that all people should have
27
What is the right to health
- means access to universal health coverage that is timely, good quality, affordable, acceptable, appropriate
28
what does the right to human health mean?
- ending discrimination in all healthcare setting
- people are the center of their care
29
What does the universal declaration of human rights refer to?
motherhood
30
What does two-spirit refer to
- individuals who identify as having both feminine and masculine spirit
- phrase used by many indigenous peoples to describe their gender, sexual, and spiritual identity
31
How did the health promotion movement of 1980's bring about a new understanding of health
- includes dynamic of resilience
32
WHO definition of resilience
extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environmen
33
Components of resiliency
- social resources: support networks
- personal resources: personal health practices
- physical resources: physical health and ability
34
factors that make up the Canadian framework if the SDH
-Gender
-disability
-housing
-early life
-income
-education
-race
-employment and working conditions
-social exclusion
-food security
-social safety net
-health services
-unemployment and job security
-indigenous status
35
what does illness result from
interplay between external factors, internal factors, and the social determinants of health
36
What do the SDH give insights into
health inequalities that arise between groups of people and can help inform health interventions
37
downstream prevention
- focus on treating health problem
ex. chemo treatment is a downstream cancer prevention
38
upstream prevention
- aim to treat the cause of health problems
ex. cancer screening is an upstream prevention
39
mental health and low income people
lower income neighbourhoods have twice as many# of visits to emerge for mental illness or addiction
40
life expectancy in poor vs rich
- poor women die more than 2 years earlier
- poor men die more than 5 years earlier
41
is poverty a SDH
Yes its an overarching SDH
42
What's the most widely talked about about SDH
Poverty
43
What four factors are require for all populations to become rich and healthy
-time
-trade
-peace
-green tech
44
what is crucial in health advocacy
empathy - put yourself in others shoes
45
What is health equity
absence of avoidable or remediable health differences among groups of people, whether those groups are defined socially, economically, demographically, or geographically
46
What are health inequalities
-means there are differences in health experiences or outcomes between different populations
- unfair and avoidable systematic disadvantage
47
What does it mean to be an advocate
- one that pleads and the cause of another
- one that defends or maintains a cause or proposal, or one that supports or promotes the interest of another
48
Why is being an advocate an important role
-Helps the cause(s) of people who need support to be fairly represent or defended
49
what did Tommy Douglas advocate for
- sterilization of people with disabilities and un-moral women (indigenous)
50
what did the suffragettes advocate for
reproduction of married, christian, muddle-upper class white women and therefore sterilization of black women, indigenous, women of any colour, non-christians, immigrants, disabilities, low socio-economic status
51
why is advocacy in healthcare important?
- involves health promotion at the individual and population levels
52
how can healthcare professionals advocate for patients? List the 3 levels
- individual
- community
- global/humanitarian
53
Individual level of advocacy
- making a difference for someone in need of assistance
54
Community level of advocacy
- recognizing and acting upon defined need in the community you live in
55
Global humanitarian advocacy
- recognizing the SDH on a global level and trying to change effects through work with communities or changing policies
56
What level of advocacy did we see In taking root?
- individual - teaching women how to plant tree
- lead to her being a global advocate
57
How did colonization affect the Kenyans
- access to nutrition - they planted crops and relied on them for food and it was taken
- forced to relocate
58
similarities in kenyans and indigenous peoples experiences
- weakened their culture
- residential school - violence, intergenerational trauma
- shared stories and experiences to work towards reconciliation
59
Why is the film about planting trees related to health?
- environment impacts health (nutrition, source of living, cooking)
60
What SDH were seen in taking root?
- income & status
- education
- gender inequality
- food insecurity
61
in what ways did you see effects of grassroots changes demonstrated in taking root
- environmental restoration
- werent just women planting trees it became much more than that
62
what is the principle of the medicine wheel
to remain centred while developing the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual aspects of life equally
63
Availability of health services as a health promoting condition
- complete health requires access to all services
- in a timely manner without financial burden
64
adequate housing as a health promoting condition
- complete health requires access to a safe and secure home and community, in which to live in peace and dignity
65
safe working conditions as a health promoting condition
- complete health requires access to thorough and comprehensive workplace training, WHIMS, comfortable and supportive working environment
66
Nutritious food as a health promoting condition
- complete health also requires access to a variety of foods that provide the macro and micro-nutrients needed to support growth, maintain sufficient energy levels, and feel good, all without great financial burden
67
what does global health emphasize?
- transnational health issues, determinants and solutions
- solutions; involves many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences
- promotes interdisciplinary collaboration
- is a synthesis of population-based prevention within individual-level clinical care
68
health prevention examples
- food inspections
- air and water quality evaluations
69
health promotion examples
- campaigns encouraging PA
- nutritional education
- flu vaccines
70
health protection examples
- workplace health and safety regulations
- vaccination requirements for healthcare workers
71
what do the components of resiliency do
- strengthen ones ability to cope with adversity
72
what is a protective factor
- a characteristic at the biological, psychological, family or community level that is associated with a lower likelihood of problem outcomes or that reduces the negative impact of a risk factor on problem outcomes
73
Factors that influence health
- 50% Your life
- 25% Your Healthcare
- 15% Your biology
- 10% Your Environment
74
Health and wealth relationship
- poorer populations have worse health
- richest people report high % of excellent and good health
75
how does living with lower socioeconomic status contribute to higher illness rate
- can't afford health care
- no time to look after you
- no resources
- not health food
- poor housing
