Module 1 Anti-Microbials Part 1 Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
Slow / Retard bacteria multiplication is called
A
Bacteriostatic
2
Q
A drug that destroys bacteria is considered
A
Bacteriocidal
3
Q
Specific for a particular bacteria
A
Narrow spectrum
4
Q
Destroy different types of bacteria
A
Broad spectrum
5
Q
What test must be done before first dose of anti-infective is given
A
CNS
6
Q
What is the appropriate way to give oral meds
A
Empty stomach with full glass of water
7
Q
If lips get swollen after taking any antimicrobial what should the person do
A
Call doctor
8
Q
Steven Johnson Syndrome is a common adverse effect of which drug class
A
Sulfonamides (Bactrim)
9
Q
Redneck/Red Man Syndrome is most commonly seen with
A
IV Vancomycin
10
Q
Prolonged use of tetracycline can lead to
A
Candida albicans
11
Q
Most common sign of Candida Albicans is
A
white patches on mucous membranes
12
Q
Mild treatment for Candida Albicans can include
A
Yogurt, Buttermilk
13
Q
Severe treatment for Candida Albicans can include
A
Anti-fungal Medications, Gentian Violet
14
Q
What is the average duration of time a person is placed on Anti-infectives
A
5-10 days
15
Q
C-diff is a bacteria that affects the
A
GI tract
16
Q
C-diff is more commonly seen in what population
A
Older patients
17
Q
How long can C-diff occur after medication has been stopped
A
6 weeks
18
Q
What is a major S&S of C-diff
A
Foul smelling Diarrhea
19
Q
For Mild treatment of C-diff we would
A
provide no drug to kill organism
20
Q
What can we absolutely not give for patients with C-diff
A
No anti-diarrheals
21
Q
What kind of precautions must we place patients with C-diff
A
Contact Precautions
22
Q
Vancomycin by mouth can cause
A
C-diff
23
Q
What is best way to prevent spread of C-diff
A
Hand-washing
24
Q
What is the action of Sulfonamides
A
Inhibit folic acid synthesis
25
Are sulfonamides Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal, and are they Narrow Spectrum or Broad Spectrum
Bactericidal
| Broad spectrum
26
Bactrim is most commonly given to help with
UTI
27
Mafenide (Sulfamylon) and Silver Sulfadine (Silvadene) are given to help with
Meningitis
28
Sulfasalazine is given to help with
Ulcerative Colitis
29
Sulfonamides can cause what kind of Colitis
C-diff
30
Bactrim should be given when
on empty stomach
31
Giving a drug on an empty stomach means __ hours before meal OR __ hours after meal
1 hour before or 2 hours after
32
Sulfasalazine should be given how
with food
33
What is penicillin derived from
Mold from on bread and fruit
34
What is the action of Natural Penicillin
Inhibit Cell wall synthesis
35
Are Natural Penicillins Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal, and are they Narrow Spectrum or Broad Spectrum
Bactericidal and Narrow Spectrum
36
What route is Penicillin G given
IM,IV
37
What route is Penicillin V given
Oral
38
What is the action of a Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillin
Combats resistance to penicillinase/beta lactamase
39
What is Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillin used for (2)
MRSA, Staph
40
What is the difference between Dicloxacillin, Oxacillin, and Natho Cyllin
Dicloxacillin can only be given oral
41
Is Aminopenicillin Broad Spectrum or Narrow Spectrum
Broad Spectrum
42
Dicloxacillin, Oxacillin, and Natho Cyllin, are all examples of
Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins
43
Amoxicillin and Ampicillin are examples of
Aminopenicillins
44
Amoxicillin is used for ______ and can be given _____
Ear infections and can be given PO
45
Ampicillin is used for ______(2) and can be given ____
UTI,STD and can be given IM,IV
46
Amoxicillin must be given with
Food
47
What is the action of Beta lactamase inhibitor
Inhibit activity of beta lactamase
48
Beta lactamase inhibitor are given with (2)
Aminopenicillins or Extended spectrum
49
Beta lactamase inhibitor are used where
bacterial resistance is present
50
Extended Spectrum Penicillins have a
Wider range that broad spectrum
51
What does Extended Spectrum Penicillins destroy
Pseudomonas
52
Extended Spectrum Penicillins is used for
Serious infections
53
For Gonorrhea and Syphilis the choice drug is
Ampicillin
54
For Septicemia and Meningitis the choice drug is
Extended Spectrum Penicillins
55
What is the choice drug for Otitis Media
Amoxicillin
56
What is the choice drug for Pneumonia
Natural Penicillin
57
What is the choice drug for a UTI
Ampicillin
58
Ticarcillin, Piperacillin, and Carbenicillin are all examples of
Extended Spectrum Penicillins
59
C-diff can be seen how long after drug has started
4-9 days
60
What is the action of Cephalosporins
Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
61
Are Cephalosporins Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal, and are they Narrow Spectrum or Broad Spectrum
Bactericidal and Broad Spectrum
62
Keflex is an example of a
1st generation Cephalosporins
63
Kefzol is an example of a
1st generation Cephalosporins
64
Zinacef is an example of a
2nd generation Cephalosporins
65
Fortaz is an example of a
3rd generation Cephalosporins
66
Cephalosporins should be given on a
Empty stomach
67
Cephalosporins should not be given if patient is taking
Antacids or Irons
68
What is the action of a Monobactam
Inhibit Cell wall synthesis
69
Are Monobactams bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum
Bactericidal and Narrow Spectrum
70
Monobactams are used for (3)
Respiratory Infections, Uterine infections, and UTIs
71
Monobactam can be given (3)
IVPB, IM, Inhalation
72
A major adverse effect of a Monobactam is (2)
TENS
| C-diff
73
Monobactams can be contraindicated if patient had
Liver Disease
74
What is the action of a Carbapenem
Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis
75
Are Carbapenem bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum
Bactericidal and Broad Spectrum
76
Carbapenems are resistant to
Beta Lactamase
77
The 4 drugs in the Beta lactam Ring are
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Penicillins
Monobactams
78
Carbapenems are used for (3)
Serious Nosocomial Infections
Meningitis
Septicemia
79
Carbapenems can be given
IVBP
80
If adverse effects are seen in Carbapenems, what should we do
D/C the med
81
Imipenem and Cilastatin are given for
Endocarditis, Septicemia
82
Meropenem is given for
Meningitis
83
Ertapenem is given for
Nosocomial Infections
84
What is the action of a Tetracycline
Inhibit Protein Synthesis
85
Are Tetracyclines bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum
Bacteriostatic and Broad Spectrum
86
Tetracyclines is the drug of choice for which types of infections
Upper respiratory infections
87
Tetracycline can treat which STD
Chlamydia
88
What drug group is used when patient has an allergy to Penicillin
Tetracycline
89
Tetracycline can only be given in children
with their permanent teeth
90
Tetracycline should be taken on _______ and what should the patient do after taking it
Empty stomach
| Sit upright for at least 30 minutes
91
Chelation is a
Unabsorbable mass
92
What is the action of a Macrolide
Inhibit protein synthesis
93
Are Macrolides bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum
Broad Spectrum, and whether it is Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal is based on dose
94
Macrolides can be used prophylactically for
Tuberculosis
95
Which STD are Macrolides used for
Chlamydia
96
Macrolides are the drug of choice when
patient has an allergy to Penicillin
97
Erythromycin is the drug of choice for
patients with allergy to Penicillins
98
Macrolides are given on
Empty stomach
99
What is the action of a Lincosamide
Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
100
Are Lincosamides bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum
Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal and Broad Spectrum
101
Lincosamides are used when
other meds have been unsuccessful for Serious infections
102
What is the chance of getting C-diff for patients on Lincosamides
80%
103
Patients on Lincosamides should have there stools reported how often
3-5 times a day
104
Lincosamides should be infused ...
slowly
105
Don't use Lincosamides if patient is on
Neuromuscular blockers
106
What is the trade name for Amoxicillin
Amoxil
107
What is the drug class for Amoxicillin
Aminopenicillin
108
What is the action of Amoxicillin
Binds to bacterial cell wall, causing cell death.
109
What is the trade name for Ticarcillin Disodium
Timentin
110
What is the drug class for Ticarcillin
extended spectrum penicillins
111
What is the action of Ticarcillin
Binds to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death
112
What is the trade name for Cephalexin
Keflex
113
What is the drug class for Cephalexin
first generation cephalosporins
114
What is the action of Cephalexin
Binds to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death.
115
What is the trade name for Ceftazidime
Fortaz
116
What is the drug class for Ceftazidime
third generation cephalosporins
117
What is the action of Ceftazidime
Binds to the bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death.
118
Penicillins are used to treat which type of STD
Gonorrhea
119
Which drug can cause and treat C-diff
Vancomycin
120
Which drug has an indication of gang green sepsin
Carbapenems
121
Aztreonam and Aztreonam are examples of
Monobactams
122
Aztreonam can be used
By inhalation
123
Imipenem, Meropenem, and Ertapenem are examples of
Carbapenems
124
Tetracycline increases the effects of (3) ______ while decreasing the effect of ______
Increases Digoxin, Insulin, Anticoagulant
| Decreases Contraceptives
125
Erythromycin is an example of a
Macrolide
