Nervous System part 2 + Sensory Flashcards
(120 cards)
1
Q
Epinephrine, Isoproterenol, and Norepinephrine are examples of what drug class
A
Adrenergic
2
Q
In adrenergic drugs what are two things in the body that dilate
A
Bronchioles and Pupils
3
Q
In adrenergic drugs what is one thing in the body that constricts
A
Peripheral blood vessels
4
Q
Drug class that raises BP, P, and R
A
Adrenergic
5
Q
Sympathomimetic drugs are also called
A
Adrenergic drugs
6
Q
What are 5 side effects of adrenergic drugs
A
Tachycardia Palpitations Hypertension Nervousness glycosuria
7
Q
Adrenergic is to _____ as Cholinergic is to ____
A
Adrenergic = fast Cholinergic = slow
8
Q
What are the receptor sites in the Autonomic nervous system (Adrenergic)
A
Alpha and Beta
9
Q
Drug class that slows down BP and P
A
Adrenergic Blockers
10
Q
Propranolol, nadolol, atenolol, and metoprolol are all examples of what drug class
A
Adrenergic blockers
11
Q
What are 5 side effects of Adrenergic Blockers
A
Hypotension Bradycardia Fatigue Depression Hypoglycemia
12
Q
What happens to secretions in Cholinergic drugs
A
The increase in flow
13
Q
Parasympathomimetic is also known as
A
Cholinergic
14
Q
Drug class that increases perishable and bladder contractions, and muscle strength
A
Cholinergic drugs
15
Q
Bethanechol, Neostigmine, Pilocarpine, Ambenonium, Carbachol, and Pyridostigmine are all examples of which drug class
A
Cholinergic drugs
16
Q
Drug class that causes pupils to constrict and decreases intraocular pressure
A
Cholinergic drugs
17
Q
What are 4 side effects of Cholinergic drugs
A
NVD, Sweating, Bradycardia, Decreased Respirations
18
Q
Drug class that causes drying and decreased motility
A
Cholinergic blockers
19
Q
What does cholinergic blockers do to pupils
A
Dilates
20
Q
What does cholinergic blockers do to pulse
A
Increases pulse
21
Q
Atropine, Scopolamine, Probanthine, Benztropine, and Ipratropium Bromide are all example of
A
Cholinergic blockers
22
Q
What are 5 side effects of Cholinergic blockers
A
Dry mouth, Urinary retention, Constipation, blurred vision, confusion
23
Q
Cholinergic drugs are similar to what kind of drugs
A
Adrenergic blockers
24
Q
Cholinergic blockers can also be called
A
Dopaminergic drugs
25
What drug class is used as a last resort for cardiac arrest
Adrenergic drugs
26
Adrenergic drugs are commonly used with what kind of drug
local anesthetic
27
Why is an adrenergic drug used during eye examinations
because it dilates the pupils
28
What are two contraindications of Adrenergic drugs
Heart disease, glaucoma
29
Epinephrine is also known as
Adrenalin
30
Isoproterenol is also known as
Isuprel
31
Norepinephrine is also known as
Levophed
32
Beta Blockers and Sympatholytics are also known as
Adrenergic blockers
33
Adrenergic blockers are contraindicated in what 3 things
Asthma COPDDM
34
What are the two receptor sites in Cholinergic drug class use
Nicotinic Muscarinic
35
Should we use a cholinergic drug if there is a block in the urinary tract since it helps with urinary retention
NO
36
What drug is used for ophthalmic prep to treat glaucoma
Pilocarpine
37
Beta blocker used to tx. glaucoma
Betaxolol
38
What drug class can be used for Parkinsons disease
Cholinergic blockers
39
What are 5 contraindications of Cholinergic blocker drugs
Heart disease Hypertension Glaucoma GI/GU obstruction Overactive bladder
40
Why wont you use a cholinergic blocker for an overactive bladder
Because Cholinergic blockers decrease motility in GU
41
Deficiency of dopamine causes what disease
Parkinsons
42
Drug class that increases dopamine in the brain to relieve symptoms
Dopaminergics
43
The precursor to dopamine
Levodopa
44
A decarboxylase inhibitor that prevents levodopa change in the periphery
Carbidopa (Lodosyn)
45
Drug used as a Dopaminergic drug that allows for decreased need for levodopa which means less toxicity
Sinemet
46
Movement disturbance commonly a side effect of dopaminergic drug
Dyskinesia
47
What are two side effects we must tell patient that will be taking Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Nightmares Trouble sleeping
48
In the later stages of Amantadine what can be combined to help
Levodopa
49
Drug used to relieve rescue freezing from levodopa
Apomorphine
50
Drug class that increase dopamine in the brain, is a substitute/adjunct with levodopa
Ergot Alkaloids
51
Bromocriptine (Parlodel) is an example of a
Ergot Alkaloid
52
Drug class that acts directly on port synaptic dopamine receptors of nerve cells, Mimics the effect of dopamine in the brain
Dopamine receptor agonists
53
Pramipexole, Ropinirole are example of
Dopamine receptor agonists
54
Ropinirole (Requip) used as a Dopamine receptor agonists can also be used as for what syndrome
Restless leg syndrome
55
Drug class used in Newly diagnosed parkinson's disease, inhibits Monoamine Oxidase from breaking down dopamine
MAO inhibitors
56
Selegiline, and Rasagiline are examples of what drug class
MAO inhibitors
57
What two drug classes block Acetylcholine in attempt to increase dopamine
Anticholinergics Antihistamines
58
Benztropine, Trihexyphenidyl, and Biperiden are examples of what drug class
Anticholinergics
59
Drug class that INACTIVATES dopamine used with levodopa and sinemet in attempt to prolong the effects of levodopa
Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors (COMT inhibitors)
60
Entacapone, Tolcapone, and Stalevo are examples of what drug class
COMT inhibitors
61
What side effect can we tell patients that will happen when they take COMT inhibitors
Discoloration of Urine Orange
62
What can we tell patients about the maximum time to benefit on anti-parkinson drugs
2-4 months
63
What should we tell patient to take with levodopa
Snack low in protein
64
What should patient avoid that is on Levodopa
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
65
What should be reported immediately with patients on Anti-parkinson drugs
Change in mental status
66
What can MAOI drugs cause if not taking correctly
Hypertensive crisis
67
How should MAOI drugs be separated
14 days
68
drug class that inhibits the enzyme that causes breakdown of acetylcholine
Cholinesterase inhibitor
69
Drug class used in mild to moderate dementia, associated with alzheimer disease
Cholinesterase inhibitors
70
Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine, and Tacrine are all examples of which drug class
Cholinesterase inhibitors
71
Drug class used for moderate to severe dementia, (Alzheimer's)
N-methyl-D'Aspartate Receptor Agonist
72
Memantine (Namenda) is an example of what drug class
N-methyl-D'Aspartate Receptor Agonist
73
What are 3 baselines that must be done before giving any Alzheimer's medications
B/P in both arms, Weight, Liver profile
74
Alzheimer's drugs should be taken with
Food
75
Tacrine administration is contraindicated in
liver and kidney disfunction
76
What 3 things should we notify HCP immediately for patients on Alzheimer's drugs
Severe vomiting, Dehydration, and change in cognition
77
drugs used to treat glaucoma do what two things
decrease formation of aqueous humor and increases outflow of aqueous humor
78
Drug class that decreases formation of aqueous humor, and promotes excretion of NaHCO3
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
79
What are 3 side effects for Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Gastric ToxicityParesthesiaElectrolyte loss
80
What two things contraindicate Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Liver disease Lung disease
81
Acetazolamide is an example of what drug class and when should it be given
Carbonic Anhydrase InhibitorIn the morning
82
Mannitol (Osmitrol) is an example of what drug class
Osmotic Diuretic
83
What is the first drug class tx. of choice for open angle glaucoma
Beta-adrenergic blockers
84
Beta-adrenergic blockers commonly causes what 3 things
Changes in mood Depression Causes impotence
85
Drug class that is direct acting miotics that increases outflow of aqueous humor
Cholinergics
86
Latanoprost, Bimatoprost, and Travoprost are all examples of what drug class
Prostaglandin Analogues
87
Relaxes smooth muscle of ciliary body and iris, paralyzes accommodation
Anticholinergic / Cycloplegics drugs
88
Anticholinergic / Cycloplegics drugs can also be called
Mydriatics
89
What can we use as an antiseptic wash
Boric acid
90
Prostaglandin Analogues is contraindicated in what
pregnancy
91
Mydriatics can do what to the pupils
dilates
92
What is the trade name and drug class for Epinephrine
Adrenalin -- Adrenergic
93
What is the trade name and drug class for Isoproterenol
Isuprel -- Adrenergic
94
What is the trade name and drug class for Norepinephrine
Levophed -- Adrenergic
95
What is the trade name and drug class for Propranolol
Inderal -- Adrenergic Blocker
96
What is the trade name and drug class for Nadolol
Corgard -- Adrenergic Blocker
97
What is the trade name and drug class for Atenolol
Tenormin -- Adrenergic Blocker
98
What is the trade name and drug class for Metoprolol
Lopressor -- Adrenergic Blocker
99
What is the trade name and drug class for Atropine
Atropine -- Cholinergic Blocker
100
What is the trade name and drug class for Scopolamine
Scopolamine -- Cholinergic Blocker
101
What is the trade name and drug class for Probanthine
Probathine -- Cholinergic Blocker
102
What is the trade name and drug class for Benztropine
Cogentin -- Cholinergic Blocker
103
What is the trade name and drug class for Ipratropium Bromide
Atrovent -- Cholinergic Blocker
104
What is the trade name and drug class for Bethanechol
Urecholine -- Cholinergic
105
What is the trade name and drug class for Neostigmine
Prostigmine -- Cholinergic
106
What is the trade name and drug class for Pilocarpine ophthalmic drops
Carpine -- Cholinergic
107
What is the trade name and drug class for Ambenonium
Mytelase -- Cholinergic
108
What is the trade name and drug class for Carbachol
Miostat -- Cholinergic
109
What is the trade name and drug class for Pyridostigmine
Mestinon -- Cholinergic
110
The receptor located in the blood vessels, g.i. system, uterus, and eyes
Alpha 1
111
The receptor located in the Nerve endings and Platelets
Alpha 2
112
The receptor located in the Heart
Beta 1
113
The receptor located in the Adipose tissue, bronchioles, arterioles, g.i. tract, liver, urinary bladder, and pregnant uterus
Beta 2
114
Drug class that blocks acetylcholine
Cholinergic Blockers
115
When levodopa is converted to dopamine outside the brain it can't cross the "_____________"
blood brain barrier
116
involuntary muscle twitching in dyskinesia is called
Choreiform
117
spasms of tongue, jaw, eye, and neck in dyskinesia is called
Dystonia
118
When should Donepezil be given
hour of sleep w/ food
119
Memantine should be given during what stage of Parkinson's, why, and what drug is it usually combined with
Early stage to slow progression, combined with Aricept
120
Anticholinergics are used in opened angle glaucoma and is contraindicated in
narrow angle glaucoma
