Module 11

Question 1

San Bartolo Site

Answer 1

Known for its murals. Among the oldest in the world. The murals are polychrome. Yielded what may be the earliest form of writing in the Maya world.

Question 2

Ahau

Answer 2

Means lord or ruler. A key term to understand Maya politics.

Question 3

Bonampak

Answer 3

Most famous Maya mural. Shows celebrations, ritual warfare, sacrifice of captives. Also depictions of people playing music.

Question 4

Calakmul

Answer 4

The Bonampak murals depict elites and ritual, typical. Here, craftspeople and commoners are depicted. The murals cover the whole structure, stairs included.

Question 5

Market activites

Answer 5

Calakmul depicts scenes of a marketplace.

Question 6

Jade

Answer 6

Highly prized. Green and blue were the preferred colours.

Question 7

Stelae

Answer 7

Art tradition of carving stone.

Question 8

Limestone

Answer 8

Common material for carving.

Question 9

Chert / flint

Answer 9

Used for tools and eccentric lithics (crazy shapes).

Question 10

Hip roof architecture

Answer 10

all sides of the roof have a gentle slope towards the wall.

Question 11

Corbelled arch

Answer 11

Unstable structure.

Question 12

Maya script

Answer 12

written in Ch’olan. The courtly language of the Maya world.

Question 13

Maya glyphs

Answer 13

phonetically based. mixed system of phonographs and glyphs.

Question 14

Hieroglyphic stairway

Answer 14

in Copan. faces of the steps are sculpted with 2,200 individuals.

Question 15

Base 20 counting system

Answer 15

Maya’s counting system

Question 16

Tikal

Answer 16

One of largest and most powerful Mayan cities.

Question 17

Entrada of CE 378

Answer 17

arrival of newlord Fire Born or Smoking Frog. Major changes follow. Nearly all carved monuments destroyed.

Question 18

Teotihuacan-style motifs

Answer 18

there are murals depicting Teotihuacan warriors facing off against Maya lords.

Question 19

Uaxactun

Answer 19

Tikal’s neighbor. The entrada of CE 378 marked when Tikal invaded.

Question 20

First Caiman AKA Curl Nose

Answer 20

Got power in CE 379. ruled for 47 years. New ruler at Tikal.

Question 21

Tikal Stela 4

Answer 21

Depicts the first Caiman.

Question 22

Tikal Stela 31

Answer 22

Commemorates the installation of the First Caiman.

Question 23

Dynastic vase

Answer 23

Found at Calakmul. Provides sequence of rulers.

Question 24

Lord Chocolate

Answer 24

He builds 3 major complexes.

Question 25

Tikal Temple II

Answer 25

Nicknamed Temple of Masks.

Question 26

Tikal Temple II

Answer 26

Temple of the Great Jaguar

Question 27

Copan

Answer 27

Has an acropolis. This is where the hieroglyphic stairway is.

Question 28

Altar Q

Answer 28

Depicts each ruler of Copan sitting atop their glyph.

Question 29

Rosalila

Answer 29

An entire structure buried within Temple 16. Shows evidence of ritual behaviour.

Question 30

Palenque

Answer 30

West of Tikal. Pakal the Great came to the throne at 12. A time of chaos. Did not start construction of monuments until his 35th year.

Question 31

Palencano architectural style

Answer 31

Horizontal instead of vertical focus.

Question 32

Palace Group

Answer 32

Renovated the complex. Probably for administrative purposes rather than royal residence.

Question 33

House E

Answer 33

Pakal's throne room. The Oval Palace Tablet set above his throne.

Question 34

Oval Tablet

Answer 34

Commemorates Pakal's ascension. Symbolic passing of crown.

Question 35

Temple of Inscriptions

Answer 35

Pakal started to build is own tomb. Lengthy inscriptions of his rule and life.

Question 36

Stucco reliefs

Answer 36

These were on the Temple of Inscriptions.

Question 37

Pakal's sarcophagus

Answer 37

He is suspended between life and death. Shows the world tree, the axis mundi.

Question 38

Jade maskl

Answer 38

Pakal was buried with a full jade mask.

Question 39

Collapse

Answer 39

Population shift was culprit, some argue there was no collapse.