Module 11

Question 1

Molarity

Answer 1

the concentration of a solute in a solution

Question 2

Permeable

Answer 2

When a membrane allows water or solutes to diffuse through it freely

Question 3

Impermeable

Answer 3

When a membrane blocks the diffusion of water and solutes entirely

Question 4

Selectively Permeable

Answer 4

Allows the movement of some molecule but not others

Question 5

Aquaporins

Answer 5

Allows water to diffuse freely across the cell membrane at a rate much faster than would be possible by simple diffusion alone

Question 6

How does water move across the cell membrane

Answer 6

Diffusion, through the concentration gradient

Question 7

Concentration gradient

Answer 7

High to low water concentration

Question 8

Solute concentration is low so

Answer 8

Water concentration is high

Question 9

Water concentration is low

Answer 9

Solute concentration is high

Question 10

How does water more in relation to solute concentration

Answer 10

water moves from low solute concentration to high

Question 11

Osmosis

Answer 11

The movement of water across a SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE membrane in response to a difference in water concentration

Question 12

What is osmosis a response too

Answer 12

The solute concentration inside the cell in relation to the outside

Question 13

Equilibrium

Answer 13

When the concentration of solutes is the same on the 2 sides of the membrane

Question 14

Net movement during equilibrium

Answer 14

stops although water molecules continue to move in both directions

Question 15

Water potential

Answer 15

All of the chemical and physical properties that affect the movement of water, such as osmosis pressure and gravity

Question 16

Water moves towards what kind of water potiental

Answer 16

Water goes towards more negative water potential

Question 17

Osmotic Pressure

Answer 17

the tendency of water to move from one solution into another by osmosis

the tendency of a solution to draw water in by osmosis

Cell has an increased external pressure, or decreased internal pressure

Question 18

Hydrostatic pressure

Answer 18

the pressure that gravity exerts on the solution

Question 19

Water moves to

Answer 19

Higher solute concentration

Question 20

Tonicity

Answer 20

How strongly water is pulled into one solution compared to another
“strength” describes osmotic pressure and the direction of water movement

Question 21

Higher Tonicity

Answer 21

Has higher solute concentration
Draws water in by osmosis

Question 22

Hypertonic

Answer 22

Solution with a higher solute concentration than another

Question 23

Hypotonic

Answer 23

Solution with a lower solute concentration than another solution

Question 24

Isotonic

Answer 24

Solution has the same solute concentration as another solution

Question 25

Hypertonic relative to the inside of the cell

Answer 25

Water leaves cell by osmosis

Question 26

Hypotonic relative to inside of the cell

Answer 26

Water moves into the cell by osmosis and swells Less salt outside

Question 27

What causes Lyse

Answer 27

Hypotonic relative to the inside of a cell

Question 28

Lyse

Answer 28

Burst/ rupture

Question 29

Isotonic relative to inside of the cell

Answer 29

cell/ homeostasis

Question 30

Paramecium

Answer 30

A unicellular eukaryote that lives in freshwater Extracellular environment is hypotonic relative to the cells interior Face risk of lysis, has contractile vacuole

Question 31

Contractile vacuole

Answer 31

Takes up excess water from inside the cell, and expels it by contractionion into the external environment

Question 32

Turgor Pressure

Answer 32

the force exerted by water pressing against an object

Question 33

What is turgor pressure resulted from

Answer 33

Water moving by osmosis into cells surrounded by a cell wall IN PLANTS, BACTERIA, FUNGI, AND PROTISTS

Question 34

Osmoregulation

Answer 34

regulates the osmotic pressure inside a cell and organism

Question 35

High osmotic pressure

Answer 35

Damage/ lyse cell

Question 36

Low osmotic pressure

Answer 36

dehydration

Question 37

Osmoconformers

Answer 37

Animals that keep their internal fluids at the same osmotic pressure as the surrounding environments Live in areas of stable solute concentration= sea water

Question 38

Urea

Answer 38

Waste product of protein metabolism that many animals excrete Sharks and rays retail this solute to achieve osmotic equilibrium w /surrounding sea water