Module 11 Exam 4

Question 1

What do bacteriocidal antibiotics do

Answer 1

inhibit bacterial cell wall sythesis

Question 2

What antimicrobials are bacteriocidal and have a beta lactam ring

Answer 2

penicillin

Question 3

What are narrow spectrum antibiotics effective agains

Answer 3

gram negative bacteria

Question 4

what are broad spectrum atnibiotics effetive against

Answer 4

gram - and gram +

Question 5

What characterizes a gram + bacteria

Answer 5

increased peptidogycan in cell wall and lack outer membrane

Question 6

Why do we get penicillin resistance

Answer 6

bacterial resistance against beta lactam riing

Question 7

what does the beta lactam ring do

Answer 7

interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis

Question 8

what is done to combat penicillin resistance

Answer 8

add a clavulanate to restore its effectiveness

Question 9

What are 2 mecications that were made to combat penicillin resistance

Answer 9

• Augmentin (amox+claulanate) ORall

- Timentin (ticarcillin+cal) IV

Question 10

What is the prototype for natural penicillin

Answer 10

Penicillin G

Question 11

What are the narrow spectrum (natural) antimicrobials

Answer 11

Penicillin V*
Penicillin G (inj)

Question 12

What are some qualities about narrow specturm antiboitics

Answer 12

• bacteriocidal
• yogurt
• cause fungal overgrowth
• protect esophagus

Question 13

What are some examples of broad spectrum antibacterials

Answer 13

amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox)*

ampicillin

Question 14

What have a possible interacton with oral contraceptives

Answer 14

broad spectrum antibacterials

Question 15

What is a beta lacamase inhibitor

Answer 15

Augmentin*

Question 16

What is penicillin VK prescribed for

Answer 16

moderate endo, perio or odonto abcess, NUG

Question 17

What is amoxicillin prescribed for

Answer 17

skin infection, sinusitis, and bite woulnds

Question 18

what is augmentin prescribed for

Answer 18

aggressive forms of infection

Question 19

What are cephalosporins

Answer 19

• broader range then penicillin

- interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis

Question 20

What is a first generation cephalosporin

Answer 20

-Keflex, gram + *

Question 21

What is a second generation cephalosporin

Answer 21

Gram - & +

ceclor*

Question 22

what is a third generation cephalosporin

Answer 22

Rocephin mixed with Lido*

greater range of gram -

Question 23

What is the fouth generation cephalosporin

Answer 23

tx or MRSA

Maxipime*

Question 24

What can and cant cephalosporins be uesd for

Answer 24

can: premed
cant: endo and perio abcess

Question 25

What are effective against strict anaerobic bacteria

Answer 25

nitroimadazoles

Question 26

what is the dental med used of nitroimadazoles

Answer 26

Flagyl

Question 27

what needs to be avoided in the use of Flagyl

Answer 27

alohol, mouthrinses

Question 28

what are nitroimadazoles used to treat

Answer 28

NUG, aggressive forms of perio, Endo, peri-implant infectons

Question 29

What are quinilones used for

Answer 29

bacteriocidal, broad spectrum anti microbial

Question 30

What are two examples of Quinolones

Answer 30

* cipro | * Levaquin

Question 31

What is utilized when a patient is allergic to penicillin

Answer 31

erythromycin

Question 32

What macrolide is used when pt has strep, penumonia, middle ear inf

Answer 32

Zithromax

Question 33

what macrolide is used when a patien has pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis

Answer 33

Biaxin

Question 34

What is a macrolide

Answer 34

bacteriostatic similar to erythromiycin

Question 35

What is a tetracyline

Answer 35

bacteriostatic and broad spectrum

Question 36

How do tetracyclines affect host response

Answer 36

ihibits production and secretion of collagenase by PMNS

Question 37

What makes up the conn tissue of the peiodontium

Answer 37

collagen

Question 38

What are 2 medications that tetracyclines

Answer 38

doxycyline* Periostat*

Question 39

What medications exhibit high concentrations in the creviclar fluied

Answer 39

tetracyclines

Question 40

What are some problems with tetracycline

Answer 40

photosensitivy, stain, dont take with milk

Question 41

What are the most common causes of anaphylactic death

Answer 41

penicillin, bee stings, wasp stings

Question 42

What is an allergic reaction a result of

Answer 42

immunologic reaction to noninfectious foreigh substance

Question 43

What happens with a repeated contact with an antigen

Answer 43

hypersensitiviy hestructive to host tissue cellular and humoral components

Question 44

What is the primary lymphocyte in humoral immunity

Answer 44

B lymphocyte

Question 45

What remain inactive until they come in conact wtih the same type of antigen

Answer 45

b memory cells

Question 46

What immune system is involved in Type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer 46

humoral

Question 47

When dose type 1 hypersensitivy occur

Answer 47

after the second contact (may have several exposures)

Question 48

What does histamine relase cause

Answer 48

smooth muscle contraction | increases permeability vasculature

Question 49

What is the most serious type of allergic response

Answer 49

anaphylaxis

Question 50

What is anaphylaxis usually caused by

Answer 50

parabens | sulfites

Question 51

What are other type 1 hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 51

``` hay fever asthma urticaria dust mites pollen dander food-drugs ```

Question 52

What are the most common food allergies of Type 1

Answer 52

shellfish, nuts, eggs, milk

Question 53

what are the most comon insect allergies of type 1

Answer 53

bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets

Question 54

What are the drugs that cause a type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer 54

penicillin sulfa NSAIDS

Question 55

does codeine usually cause a true allergic response

Answer 55

no

Question 56

What are the signs and symptoms of allergic reactions

Answer 56

itching, vomiting, aarythmias, hypotension, Bronchoaspasm

Question 57

What are medications used in an allergic reaction

Answer 57

- H1 receptor antagonists - Intaranasal glucocorticoids - sympathomimetics

Question 58

What are examples of first generation h1-receptor antagonists

Answer 58

Benadryl *

Question 59

what are examples of second generation H1-receptor antagonists

Answer 59

zyrtec * Allegra * Claritin *

Question 60

What are examples of intranasal gulocorticoids

Answer 60

Rhinocort* FLonase* Nasonex*

Question 61

What is the celluar immune system sometimes referred to as

Answer 61

delayed immune system

Question 62

what plays a signigicant roll in the celluar immune system

Answer 62

T-lympocytes

Question 63

What do Memory T cells do

Answer 63

remember the antigen for years

Question 64

What allergens cause contact dematitis

Answer 64

nickel, latex, amaglgam

Question 65

What is the treatment of cellular immune reactions

Answer 65

remove material causing rxn, most are self limiting and dont require additional tx

Question 66

what reactoins is the celluar immune system responsible for

Answer 66

- concact dermatitis graft rejections some drug hypersensitivity some autoimmune diseases