Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Module 12-Overview of the Muscular and Skeletal Systems > Flashcards

Module 12-Overview of the Muscular and Skeletal Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the following functions of bone:
Shape

A

Shape: Bones give the body its structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

support

A

The bones of the legs, pelvis, and vertebral column support and hold it upright.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Protection

A

Bones protect the internal organs such as the heart, lungs, brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Movement

A

Movement of the arms and legs as well as the ability to breathe results from the interaction between the muscles and bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Electrolyte Balance

A

Bones store and release minerals such as calcium and phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Blood Production

A

The bones surrounds and protect the bone marrow which creates blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Acid-Base balance

A

Bone absrobs and releases alkaline salts to help maintain a stable pH.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Example of long bones

A

The femur of the thigh and the humorous of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Example of Short Bones

A

carpal bones of the wrist and the tarsal bones of the ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Example of flat bones

A

the skull, ribs and breastbones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Example of irregular bones

A

Vertebrae and facial bones or the cheeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is bone or bone tissue also called?

A

Osseous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is osteoblasts?

A

helps form the bone and it produces new bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is osteoclasts?

A

breakdown and dissolves unwanted bones or old bones that are unhealthy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is osteocytes?

A

It is embedded in the matrix of the bone. It controls both the osteoblasts and osteoclasts and they release calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Red Marrow?

A

Produces red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is Red marrow found in children?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Yellow Marrow?

A

Yellow marrow is found in most adults and it stores in fats storage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column and where are they located?

A

Cervical vertebrae- 7 vertebrae- the neck
Throacic vertebrae- 12 Vertebrae- chest area
Lumbar vertebrae- 5 vertbrae- lower back
Sacrum- 5 vertebrae- inferior end and tailbone
Coccyx- 4 vertebrae- inferior end

20
Q

What are the 3 main regions of joints?

A

Fibrous Joints, Cartilaginous Joints and
Synovial Joints

21
Q

What is Synarthrotic joints (fibrous)? Examples

A

These are bound by fibres and they are fixed bones which means they dont move
Examples: the bones of the skull

22
Q

Cartilaginous Joints or amphiarhtroses and examples

A

They are slightly moveable but stable
examples: symphysis pubis

23
Q

Synovial Joints- also called the diarthroses

A

These are freely moveable joints
Allows humans to move around. Ex: knee joints, joints in the fingers

24
Q

What are the structures of the synovical joint?

A

Artucular cartilage, joint capsule, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, and ligments

25
Q

What does articular cartilage do?

A

It helps reduce friction and allows for smooth movement between the bones.

26
Q

What does joint capsule do?

A

helps hold the bones together, providing stability to the joint.

27
Q

What does synovial membrane do?

A

produces synovial fluid, a thick, slippery liquid that lubricates the joint and reduces friction between the bones.

28
Q

What does synovial fluid do?

A

lubricates the joint and allowing the bones to move smoothly against each other.

29
Q

What do ligaments do?

A

connects bones to each other around the joint. They help stabilize the joint and prevent excessive movement.

30
Q

What are the types of synovial joints?

A

Gliding joint, Ball and socket, Saddle joint, and Candyloid joint.

31
Q

What does Gliding joint do and what are some examples?

A

They dont move whole lot and they allow little movement to prevent injury
Ex: the ankles

32
Q

What does the ball and socket do do and what are some examples?

A

Most moveable joint
Full range of motion
You can move them in any direction
The shoulder is an example and the hip
Widest range of motion

33
Q

What does the saddle joint do? and what are examples?

A

One joint has like a saddle shaped
It allows back and forth and side to side
Ex: The thumb or base of the thumb

34
Q

Condyloid joint and examples

A

Range of motion in one direction, It allows extension and allows circular movement
Examples: the base of the fingers and toes and wrist

35
Q

Piviot joint examples

A

The head, elbows and wrist

36
Q

What is cardiac muscle? Where is it found in the body?

A

The Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart and it is a type of involuntary muscle because it contracts automatically

37
Q

What is skeletal muscle? Where is it found in the body?

A

Found in the digestive tract, blood vessles, bladder, airways, and uterus. It is nonstraited and is known as involuntary muscle because it contracts automatically such as when the digestive tract processes food.

38
Q

What is smooth muscle? Where is it found in the body?

A

Attached to bone and causes movement to the body
Known as a voluntary muscle

39
Q

What is a fascicle?

A

Fascicle- a bundle of muscle fibres
Many fasicles make up a muscle
It gives the muscle a lot of strength and power

40
Q

What is a muscle cell called?

A

Muscle cells are called muscle fibres

41
Q

Define the terms origin, insertion, belly, prime mover, synergist and antagonist

A

Orgin- where the muscles are coming from-
Insertion- is the end that’s going to move
Belly- middle part of the muscle
Muscles work in groups

Prime movement- main muscle responsible for the movement

Antagonist- work opposite to the prime
Power

Synergertis- assist prime
Mover

42
Q

Most of the joints in the body are?

A

Synovial

43
Q

A bundle of muscle fibres is called a

A

Fascicle

44
Q

The adult human skeleton typically contains how many bones?

A

206

45
Q

Red bone marrow produces what?

A

RBC, WBC and Platelets

Anatomy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions