Nervous system

Question 1

What does the nervous system consists of?

Answer 1

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Question 2

What are the Division of the Nervous System?

Answer 2

Central and Peripheral Nervous system

Question 3

What does the CNS consists of?

Answer 3

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 4

What does the PNS consists of?

Answer 4

nerve network throughout the body

Question 5

What is the the nervous systems three essential roles?

Answer 5

Sensing, integrating and responding

Question 6

What does sensing do?

Answer 6

the nervous system uses sense organs and nerve endings to detect stimuli or changes in both inside and outside the body

Question 7

What does integrating do?

Answer 7

the nervous system processes the information received and determines what response is appropriate or determines what to do next

Question 8

What does responding do?

Answer 8

once the information is processed and once the individual understands whats going on, action is required and the muscles will make action

Question 9

What two cells make up the nervous system?

Answer 9

Neurons and Neuroglia

Question 10

What are neurons?

Answer 10

they are like tiny messengers in the body. They help the body send messages to different parts of the body

Question 11

What are Neuroglia?

Answer 11

the supportive cells of the nervous system. They make sure to protect the neurons.

Question 12

What are Neuroglia also called?

Answer 12

glial cells

Question 13

What are the 5 types of glial cells?

Answer 13

Oligodendrocytes, Shwann cell, Epyendmal cells, microglia and astrocytes

Question 14

What do Oligindecytes do?

Answer 14

cover the outside of neurons. They create myelin in the central nervous system.

Question 15

What do Shwann cells do?

Answer 15

create myelin in the peripheral nervous system

Question 16

What do Epyendemal cells do?

Answer 16

lines spinal cord and the cavities of the brain.

Question 17

What do Microglia do?

Answer 17

primary immune defense of CNS

Question 18

What do Astrocytes do?

Answer 18

they form bbb, they are star shaped glial cells and they provide nutrient support to neurons, help repair damaged nervous system tissue, regulates communication between neurons

Question 19

cWhat Neuroglia cells are apart of the CNS

Answer 19

Oligodendrocytes
Ependymal Cells
Microglia
Astrocytes

Question 20

What is BBB?

Answer 20

semipermeable membrane that exists throughout the brain

Question 21

What does BBB do?

Answer 21

It allows small molecules (like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water) to diffuse across to the brain but blocks larger molecules.
Protects the brain from harmful or foreign substances

Question 22

What 3 parts is the neuron made of?

Answer 22

the cell body and two extensions called the axon and dendrite

Question 23

What does the cell body do?

Answer 23

Control center of the neuron and it contains the nucleus which controls the entire neuron and holds its DNA

Question 24

What do the dendrites do?

Answer 24

are like branches of a tree and receives messages from other neurons and transmits it to the cell body

Question 25

what does the axon do?

Answer 25

carries messages away from the cell body

Question 26

What does the myelin sheath do?

Answer 26

consists of mainly lips. It protects the axon so that way the speeding up process of transmitting electrical signals goes faster

Question 27

What does synaptic knob do?

Answer 27

end of the axon and releases neurotransmitters to communicate with other neurons

Question 28

What are neurotransmitters do?

Answer 28

They are chemicals that help neurons communicate with each other and with other cells in the body

Question 29

What cells make the myelin sheath in the PNS?

Answer 29

Swhann cells

Question 30

What is the outer layer of myelin sheath in the PNS called

Answer 30

neurilemma

Question 31

What does neurilemma do?

Answer 31

responsible and key for regeneration which helps an injured nerve to grow back

Question 32

What is the myelin sheath made of in the CNS? and does it have neurilemma?

Answer 32

formed by oligodendrocytes and it has no neurilema

Question 33

Which neurons detect sensations (such as touch or heat) and relay information about the stimuli to the central nervous system?

Answer 33

Afferent neurons

Question 34

When something happens, like you touch something hot, sensory neurons send a message to the?

Answer 34

Interneurons

Question 35

What do the interneurons do?

Answer 35

The interneurons figure out what to do next and send the message to the motor neurons, so they know how to respond

Question 36

What are efferent neurons?

Answer 36

motor neurons that relay or pass messages from the brain to muscles and gland cells

Question 37

What is the membrane potential? and this creates what?

Answer 37

when more negative ions are inside the cell and more positive ions are outside the cell. This creates a negative resting membrane potential.