Module 9-Overview of the Lymphatic System and Immunity

Question 1

What are the functions of the Lymphatic System?

Answer 1

-Maintenance of fluid balance
-Absorption of fats
-Immunity

Question 2

What is Lymph?

Answer 2

Lymph is a colorless fluid similar to plasma but with a lower protein content. lymph is a fluid that collects waste and helps your body fight off infections. It also contains proteins, salts and other substances

Question 3

What is the role of the valves in the lymphatic system?

Answer 3

Valves in the lymphatic system prevent backflow of lymph fluid.

Question 4

What are the Primary and Secondary Lymphatic Organs?

Answer 4

The primary lymphatic organs include the thymus and red bone marrow and the secondary lymphatic organs include the lymph nodes and the spleen.

Question 5

What are lymph nodes?

Answer 5

the lymph node removes pathogens and other foreign substances. They are filters that remove, traps and destroys harmful substances.

Question 6

What is the role of the tonsils?

Answer 6

Protects the body from pathogens entering the body material.

Question 7

What are the functions of the spleen?

Answer 7

Filter lymph to remove pathogens, destroy old blood cells

Question 8

what are the 3 lines of defense?

Answer 8

First line of defense, second line of defense and third line of defense

Question 9

What is the first line of defense?

Answer 9

They are external barriers. It contains the skin and mucous membranes. Both of them provide the first line of defense against bacteria etc.

Question 10

What is the second line of defense?

Answer 10

If any invaders manage to get past the first line, your body’s second line of defense springs into action. It will immediately confront a key player called phagocytes.

Question 11

What is the third line of defense?

Answer 11

If the first and second lines of defense aren’t enough to defeat the invaders, your body’s third line of defense, known as specifc immunity, comes into play.

Question 12

What does the second line of defense include?

Answer 12

Antimicrobial Proteins
Natural Killer (NK) Cells
Inflammation
Fever
This is also called the nonspecifc immunity

Question 13

what does the third line of defense include?

Answer 13

Specific immunity involves specialized cells called lymphocytes, which include B cells and T cells.

Question 14

What are B cells and T cells?

Answer 14

B cells produce antibodies, which are like tiny weapons that specifically target and destroy certain invaders, like bacteria or viruses.
T cells have different roles, including directly attacking infected cells and coordinating the immune response.

Question 15

What are the signs of inflammation?

Answer 15

Swelling, redness, heat and pain

Question 16

what are antibodies?

Answer 16

Antibodies (Immunoglobulins [Ig]) are plasma proteins formed by B cells. They fight off germs and helps us be healthy.

Question 17

B – lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes are part of which line of defense?

Answer 17

B-lymphocytes and T- lymphocytes are in the third line of defense

Question 18

Macrophages and Natural Killer Cells are part of which line of defense?

Answer 18

Second line of defense

Question 19

In which lymphatic organ do T cells mature?

Answer 19

Thymus

Question 20

What is a primary function of lymph nodes?

Answer 20

remove pathogens from lymph

Question 21

What are the main functions of the spleen?

Answer 21

store blood, filter pathogens from lymph, destroy old RBCs

Question 22

In what direction does lymphatic fluid travel?

Answer 22

Away from tissues

Question 23

The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from which parts of the body and into which vein?

Answer 23

Upper right quadrant of body, right subclavian vein

Question 24

Secondary lymphatic organs

Answer 24

lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen

Question 25

What does lymph nodes do?

Answer 25

filter lymph, contain phagocytes

Question 26

What does tonsils do?

Answer 26

contain lymphocytes, and guard against pathogens

Question 27

what does spleen do?

Answer 27

contains lymphocytes, stores blood, destroys old red blood cells

Question 28

Where does the T cells mature?

Answer 28

Thymus

Question 29

Vaccines provide what type of immunity?

Answer 29

Artificial, active

Question 30

Artificial Immunity

Answer 30

This is when your body learns to fight off germs without you actually getting sick.

Question 31

What is active?

Answer 31

This is when our body’s own defense system creates its own antibodies or T cells to fight off an infection.