Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > review > Flashcards

review Flashcards

(94 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What muscles are involved in inspiration

A

external intercostal muscles
internal intercostals
diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does external intercostal do?

A

muscles pull the ribs upward and outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does internal intercostas

A

help elevate the ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does diaphragm?

A

contracts, flattens, and drops enlarging the thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do lymphatic vessels do?

A

Have valves to prevent backflow
Move lymph only in one direction, away from the tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the primary lymphatic organs?

A

Red bone marrow and the thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the red bone marrow do?

A

Site lymphocytes are produced and where B-lymphocytes mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does thymus do?

A

Site where T-lymphocytes mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the secondary lymphatic organs

A

lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does lymph nodes do?

A

Filter lymph, contain phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do tonsils do?

A

Contain lymphocytes, guard against pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the spleen do?

A

Contains lymphocytes, stores blood, destroys old red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does natural active immunity?

A

occurs when the body produces antibodies or T cells after being exposed to a particular antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does artificial immunity?

A

results when the body makes T cells and antibodies against a disease as a result of a vaccination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is natural passive immunity?

A

results when a fetus acquires antibodies from the mother through the placenta, or when a baby acquires them through breast-feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is artifical passive immunity

A

involves obtaining serum from a person or animal that has produced antibodies against a certain pathogen and then injecting it into someone else

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are tonsils?

A

are masses of lymphoid tissue.
They guard against pathogens entering the body through the nose or throat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is the spleen the largest lymphatic organ?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What pulps does the spleen contain?

A

White and red pulps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the white pulp contain?

A

lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the red pulp contain?

A

erythrocytes and phagocytic cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the term used to describe the amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled with the deepest possible breath?

A

Vital capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two types of phagocytes?

A

neutrophils and macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do neutrophils do?

A

They roam the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What do the macrophages do?
Stay in strategic areas of the body
26
What is the medical term for fever?
Phyrexia
27
What are 3 types of lymphocytes?
Natural killer cells T lymphocytes B lymphocytes
28
Where do T cells develop?
develop from stem cells in red bone marrow
29
What are antibodies also called?
immunoglobulins [Ig]
30
What is an antigen?
any molecule that triggers an immune response.
31
What is active immunity?
When the body makes its own antibodies or T cells (long lasting)
32
What is passive immunity
When immunity results from an injection of antibodies from another person or animal (short term
33
What is celluar immunity?
Destroys pathogens within a cell
34
What are the 3 classes of celluar immunity?
Cytotoxic T cells, helper t cells and memory cells
35
What cytotixc T cells do?
Attacks and kills other cells
36
What does Helper T cells do?
Secrete chemicals to attract neutrophils, NKC and Macrophages, also stimulate production of T and B cells
37
What do memory T cells do?
Remember the pathogen in case of future infection
38
What does Celluar (cell-mediated) immunity do?
Focus on destroying foreign cells or infected cells
39
What does humoral ( cell-meidated) immunity do?
Focus on pathogens outside the cell
40
does humoral immunity use antibodies to mark it for destruction?
Yes
41
What is specific immunity?
Directed against a specific pathogen
42
What are the 2 mechanism of Specific immunity?
Celluar and humoral immunity
43
What is natural active?
You get the disease
44
What is Artifical active?
You get vaccinated
45
What is natural passive
Passed from Mom to Baby through breastfeeding
46
What is artifical passive
You are given the antibodies to fight the disease
47
What is systole?
contraction of the heart
48
What is diastole?
Relaxion of the heart
49
What are examples of first line defence?
skin, mucous, lyzomine in tears
50
Second line defence?
non specific immunity
51
non specific immunity
Phagocytosis Antimicrobial proteins Natural killer cells Inflammation Fever
52
Third line of defence called?
Specific immunity
53
What is specific immunity?
this occurs when the body retains a memory of a pathogen after defeating it.
54
What are phagocytes?
cells whose sole job is to ingest and destroy microorganisms and other small particles
55
Mucus, tears, and saliva contain an enzyme called
lysozyme
56
What does lysozyme do?
destroys bacteria
57
The two important phagocytes are
neutrophils and macrophages.
58
The process whereby inflamed cells summon neutrophils is
chemotaxis
59
The term for fever is
pyrexia
60
Any molecule that triggers an immune response is called an
antigen
61
B lymphocytes are responsible for
making antibodies
62
Inspiratory reserve volume
Amount of extra air that can be inhaled AFTER normal inhalation
63
Expiratory reserve volume
Amount of extra air that can be exhaled AFTER normal exhalation
63
Residual volume
Air that remains in lung even after forced expiration (about 1300 mL)
64
Vital capacity
Amount of air inhaled and exhaled in deepest possible breathing
65
Total lung capacity
: Maximum amount of air the lings can contain (vital capacity + residual volume)
66
lub sounds is when
closing of the Av valves
67
Dub is when
closing of the semilunar valves
68
What is somatic
– skeletal muscle response
69
Visceral
involves an organ
70
P Wave is
Atrial depolorization
71
QRS complex
Ventricular depolorization
72
ST segement
end of ventricular deplorization
73
T wave is
ventricular repolarization
74
74
75
75
76
76
77
78
78
78
78
79
80
80
80
80
81
81
82
83

Anatomy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions