Module 1.4b

Question 1

Hindbrain

Answer 1

Consists of the medulla, pons, & cerebellum; directs essential survival functions, such as breathing, sleeping, & wakefulness, as well as coordination & balance. Hind = beHIND.

Question 2

Midbrain

Answer 2

Found atop the brainstem; connects the hindbrain with the forebrain, controls the same motor movement, & transmits auditory & visual information.

Question 3

Forebrain

Answer 3

Consists of the cerebra cortex, thalamus, &gypothalamus; manages complex cognitive activities, sensory & associative functions, & voluntary motor activities.

Question 4

Brainstem

Answer 4

The central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions.

Question 5

Medulla

Answer 5

the hindbrain structure is the brainstem’s base; contains heartbeat & breathing.

Question 6

Thalamus

Answer 6

The forebrain’s sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex transmits replies to the cerebellum

Question 7

Reticular Formation

Answer 7

A nerve network that travels through the brainstem into the thalamus; it filters information & plays an important role in controlling arousal.

Question 8

Cerebellum

Answer 8

The hindbrain’s “little brain” is at the rear of the brainstem; its functions include processing sensory input, and coordinating movement output & memory. (Sehr-uh-BELL-um)

Question 9

Limbic System

Answer 9

The neural system located mostly in the forebrain - below the cerebral hemispheres - that includes the amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, thalamus, & pituitary gland; associated with emotions & drives.

Question 10

Amygdala

Answer 10

Two lima-bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion

Question 11

Hypothalamus

Answer 11

A limbic system neural structure lying below (hypo) the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system, & is linked to emotion and reward.

Question 12

Hippocampus

Answer 12

A neural center in the limbic system that helps process explicit (conscious) memories - of facts & events - for storage.

Question 13

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 13

the intricate covering of the forebrain’s cerebral hemispheres; the body’s ultimate control & information processing center.

Question 14

Frontal Lobes

Answer 14

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead. they enable linguistic processing, muscle movements, higher-order thinking & executive functioning (such as making plans & judgments).

Question 15

Parietal Lobe

Answer 15

The portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head & toward the rear; receives sensory input for touch and body position.

Question 16

Occipital Lobes

Answer 16

The portion of the cerebral cortex lies at the back of the head; it includes areas that receive information from the visual fields.

Question 17

Temporal Lobes

Answer 17

The portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears; it includes the auditory areas, each of which receives information primarily from the opposite ear. They also enable language processing. TEMPoral = TEMPles

Question 18

Motor Cortex

Answer 18

A cerebral cortex at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements. Motor = Movements

Question 19

Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 19

A cerebral cortex area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers & processes body ouch & movement sensations.

Question 20

Association Areas

Answer 20

Areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions, but rather are involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking, & speaking.

Question 21

Reward Centers

Answer 21

Pleasure centers