Module 4.5a

Question 1

Psychodynamic Theories

Answer 1

Theories that view personality with a focus on the unconscious mind and the importance of childhood experiences

Question 2

Psychoanalysis

Answer 2

Freud’s theory of personality that attrivutes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions

Question 3

Unconscious

Answer 3

According to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware.

Question 4

Free Association

Answer 4

In psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.

Question 5

Id

Answer 5

A reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and agressive drives. The id operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification

Question 6

Ego

Answer 6

The partly conscious, “executive” part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of rhetoric id, the superego, and reality. The ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying the id’s desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.

Question 7

Superego

Answer 7

The partly conscious part of personality that according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provdides standard for judgement (the conscience) and for future aspirations.

Question 8

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 8

In psychoanalytic theory, the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality.

Question 9

Repression

Answer 9

In psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousinf thoughts, feelings, and memories.

Question 10

Collective Unconscious

Answer 10

Carl Jung’s concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species’ history.

Question 11

Terror-Management Theory

Answer 11

A theory of death-related anxiety; explores people’s emotional and behavioral repsonses to reminders of their impending death.

Question 12

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Answer 12

A projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

Question 13

Projective Test

Answer 13

A personality test, such as TAT or Rorschach that provides ambiguous images designed to trigger dynamics and wxplore the preconscious and unconscious mind

Question 14

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Answer 14

A projective test designed by Hermann Rorschach; seeks to identify people’s inner feelings by analyzing how they interpret 10 inkblots.