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Apologia Exploring Creation With Health And Nutrition (2nd Edition) > Module 7: Food Science I - Macronutrients > Flashcards

Module 7: Food Science I - Macronutrients Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Acetone

A

Breathed out through the lungs

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2
Q

adenosine triphosphate

A

Also known as ATP; somewhat like a cellular currency energy that can be spent on all kinds of projects such as generating more ATP

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3
Q

Albumin

A

a protein of the blood

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4
Q

alphalinolenic acid

A

Also known as LA; three double bonds; omega-3

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5
Q

Amino acids

A

building blocks of proteins

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6
Q

Anabolism

A

Constructing important molecules inside the cell which keep the cells functioning

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7
Q

Arachidonic acid

A

Also known as AAA; found in wheat

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8
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

The cause of most heart attacks and stokes

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9
Q

bioavailable

A

Able to be absorbed and put to use

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10
Q

Calories

A

The energy you can extract from my food is measured in units

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11
Q

Carbohydrate load

A

Eating a lot of carbohydrates in a few days

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12
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Sources of fast energy

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13
Q

Catabolism

A

The process of breaking down large molecules

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14
Q

Complete protein

A

Foods containing all 9 essential amino acids

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15
Q

Deoxyribose

A

sugar in DNA

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16
Q

Digestion

A

Only makes big molecules into smaller ones

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17
Q

Disaccharide

A

Two ring sugar

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18
Q

Diseases of civilization

A

Diseases that most older people get

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19
Q

Empty calories

A

Calories without other nutrition

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20
Q

EPA and DHA

A

Omega-3 fatty acids; omega-3 power houses directly responsible for most of the spectrum of good health

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21
Q

Essential amino acids

A

Nine of the 20 amino acids that need to be in your diet

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22
Q

Essential fatty acids

A

Are Required for life and cannot be made by your body

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23
Q

Fatty acid

A

The basic unit of fat

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24
Q

Food calorie

A

a unit used to measure the energy in foods. Also known as a large calorie

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25
Fructose
Sugar found in fruits
26
Galactose
Sugar found in milk
27
Glucose
A ring of carbon with a gemstone of oxygen
28
Glycemic index
a method of classifying foods according to their potential for raising blood glucose
29
Glycerol
has 3 spots on it where fatty acids can connect
30
Glycogen
Storage form of glucose
31
High-density lipoprotein
HDL; lipoprotein made by the liver
32
Hydrogenated
saturated artificially with hydrogen
33
Inflammation
An irritated state of the body's tissues
34
Insulin resistant
The cells do not respond to the insulin and do not absorb the glucose out of the blood
35
ketone bodies
the by-products of the incomplete breakdown of fat; a second choice fuel for the body
36
Ketosis
When you have bad breath due to acetone
37
Lactose
Sugar found in milk; a combination of glucose and galactose
38
Legumes
Beans
39
linoleic acid
Also known as LA; resembles stearic acid because it has 18 carbon and an oxygen end; unsaturated
40
Lipase
fat-digesting enzyme
41
Lipoprotein
a water-soluble protein covering that is perfect for carrying around fat
42
low-density lipoprotein
Also known as LDL; when triglycerides and cholesterol are removed by needy cells
43
Macronutrients
Nutrients that you need a lot of every day
44
Maltose
Two glucose Molecules that unite
45
Metabolism
The sum total of all the chemical process is happening in every cell in the body
46
Monosaccharide
A single ring Sugar
47
Monounsaturated fat
A fatty acid with one double bond
48
Nutritionist
And informal expert in nutrition and it's not under the jurisdiction of any licensing board in the United States
49
Obese
Carry significantly more weight than they need for their body height and type
50
Omega
The end without oxygen
51
Omega-6
linoleic acid
52
Oxidation
loss of electrons
53
Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil
Margarine or shortening
54
Photosynthesis
The process in green plants that starts with the energy of sunlight
55
plaque
A hard button in the wall of the artery
56
Polysaccharides
Also known as starch; sugars that are compact into long chains
57
Polyunsaturated fat
A fatty acid with two or more double bonds in each carbon chain
58
Prostaglandins
Bring on the pain and misery of inflammation
59
Rancid
Spoiled
60
Reactive Hypoglycemia
A low level of glucose In the blood
61
Registered dietitian
Also known as RD; an expert in human nutrition and will give guidance to people to improve help or reach a health related goal
62
Rendered
Melted out and can be collected
63
Respiration
The small molecules are carefully broken down to provide chemical energy
64
Ribose
sugar in RNA
65
Saccharides or sugars
The name of some carbohydrates because they taste sweet
66
Steric acid
18 carbon saturated fatty acid
67
Sucrose
Table sugar; glucose and fructose that unite
68
Triglyceride
three fatty acids attached to a glycerol
69
Unsaturated
Has room for hydrogen; a type of fatty acid
70
Very low-density lipoprotein
Also known as VLDL; when a lipoprotein is just made and has more fat than protein

Apologia Exploring Creation With Health And Nutrition (2nd Edition) (12 decks)

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