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Apologia Exploring Creation With Health And Nutrition (2nd Edition) > Module 11: Let's Move > Flashcards

Module 11: Let's Move Flashcards

1
Q

Achondroplasia

A

A genetic mutation which Limits cartilage growth at the epiphyseal plates of long bones

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2
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Respiration that requires oxygen

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3
Q

Arch

A

A pert that completely encircles the spinal cord

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4
Q

Arthritis

A

Joints that are inflamed and painful

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5
Q

Articular cartilage

A

covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints

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6
Q

Articulation

A

The place where the bones come together; also known as a joint

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7
Q

Bersa

A

A pocket that is also lined with synovial membrane

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8
Q

Body of the vertebrae

A

A hefty

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9
Q

Bone spurs

A

Small projections of bone that can break away and float in the joint capsule

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10
Q

Callus

A

A swollen area made cartilage

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11
Q

Canaliculi

A

Tiny channels between the cells

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12
Q

Cartilage

A

A flexible

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13
Q

Cartilage models

A

Cartilage that have the same shape as the bone that will eventually replace them

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14
Q

Cast

A

a non removable support that rigidly holds the bone in place until it heals

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15
Q

Centers of ossification

A

develop in specific regions of a bone

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16
Q

Central canal

A

Blood vessels running down the middle of the tube which is called…

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17
Q

Chondroblasts

A

cartilage forming cells

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18
Q

Chondrocytes

A

cartilage cells

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19
Q

Closed fracture

A

A break that is contained entirely within the skin

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20
Q

Collagen

A

A protein in a mammal’s body

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21
Q

Compact bone

A

dense

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22
Q

Connective tissue

A

A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

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23
Q

Contract

A

To shorten and thicken

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24
Q

Costal cartilage

A

Spans between the sternum and the upper ribs

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25
costochondritis
An inflammation of the coastal cartilages
26
Creatine phosphate
acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue
27
Dislocation
Movement of a bone away from its regular place of articulation to lodge somewhere else
28
displaced fracture
A break that results in pieces of the bone separate or are crushed or have moved from the original orientation
29
Dwarfism
Little growth hormones produced
30
epiphyseal line
When the growth plate seals into a bony ridge
31
Epiphysis
End of a long bone
32
Facets
Surfaces that come in contact with the vertebra above
33
Fascia
Thin mostly transparent sheets of connective tissue
34
Fine motor control
Helps with precision when drawing or playing instruments
35
Floating ribs
last two pairs of ribs; do not attach to sternum
36
Foramen
A hole through which the spinal cord passes
37
Fracture
A break in a bone
38
Giantism
To much growth hormones produced
39
Gross motor control
One axon can branch to control hundreds of muscle fibers which all contracted the same time; gives unified strength to the large muscles used in activities
40
Hematoma
A pool of blood formed by a broken blood vessel
41
Herniate
Balloon out or swell out
42
Humorous
The upper bone of the arm
43
Hydroxyapatite
A type of calcium phosphate
44
Immobilized
unable to move
45
Intercostal muscles
Muscles between the ribs that help with breathing
46
Invertebral disks
Pads of fibrocartilage sandwiched between the bodies of the vertebrae
47
Inverting
Turning it inward too far
48
Lamellar bone
another name for compact bone
49
Ligament
A fibrous band that connects one bone with other bones
50
Matrix
A protein gel
51
Medullary cavity
The most central part of the long bone
52
Meniscus
Protects the tibia from the weight transferred to it by the femur
53
Mitochondria
Tiny organelles pact between the mile febrile's along with the glycogen granules
54
Muscle fiber
long slender skeletal muscle cells
55
Myofibrils
protein structures that make up muscle fibers
56
Neuromuscular junction
the junction between a nerve fiber and the muscle it supplies
57
Nondisplaced fracture
When the section of the bone on each side of the break do not separate and do not settle in at an unusual angle
58
Open fracture
A fracture with a piece of bone protruding through the skin and exposed to the environment
59
Ossify
to harden into bone
60
Osteoarthritis
Joint damage or infection breaks down the articular cartilage
61
osteoblasts
Cells that make matrix for Bone
62
Osteoclasts
Slowly dissolve ossified cartilage
63
Osteocytes
bone cells
64
Parts of the spinal cord
Cervical vertebrae
65
Periosteum
A thin sheet of connective tissue that covers all the bone except for the surface that extends into the joint
66
Plantar fasciitis
Inflammation to the fascia in the sole of the foot
67
Processes
The extension of the vertebrae
68
Range of motion
The full extent a joint can bend in a certain direction without injury
69
Red bone marrow
The living manufacturing plant that produces blood cells
70
Reduced
The bone fragments are realigned in proper relationship
71
Rehabilitation
Return of a structure to the best possible function
72
Relax
a lengthening of the muscle when made less tense
73
Remodeling
Replacing and Reconstructing it based on the weight it bears and the direction the weight is coming from
74
Rheumatoid arthritis
An auto immune disease; a malfunction of the body's defense system in which the body attacks its own cells as if they were foreign
75
RICE
rest
76
Rupture
Break or burst
77
Scapula
The large flat bone in the upper back
78
Sciatica
One sided
79
Shin splints
A condition where the fascia on the front of the shin is inflamed
80
Skeletal muscles
muscles attached to bone that cause body movements
81
Smooth muscles
muscles that act on the lining of the body's passageways and hollow internal organs
82
Spina bifida
And incomplete and closure of the vertebra around the spinal cord and its membranes
83
Splint
a sturdy
84
Spongy bone
Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone.
85
Sprain
stretching or tearing of ligaments
86
Sternum
The sword shaped breast stone in the center of the chest that has several sections
87
Strain
Set an injury in a tendon or muscle
88
Stretching
Slowly extending or flexing the joint until it reaches the end of its range and holding that position
89
Suture
A fixed line that forms after ossification
90
Synovial fluid
The small amount of liquid within a joint used as lubrication.
91
Synovial joint
A joint which allows the two bones to move freely inside a capsule
92
Synovial membrane
lines the capsule and secretes synovial fluid
93
Tendinitis
Cancel inflammation of the tendon
94
Tendon
A flat serious strap that attaches muscles to bones
95
Tendon
Connects muscle to bone
96
Trabeculae
Bone rods and plates that support the outer compact bone against stress without adding much weight
97
Woven bone
immature bone

Apologia Exploring Creation With Health And Nutrition (2nd Edition) (12 decks)

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