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Monday Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

Internal salience

A

motivation to do/not do something depending on various ext or internal factors

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2
Q

assimilation vs integration

A

assimilation- fully assimilated leave own culture

integration- keep both

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3
Q

Durkheim- egoistic suicide

A

too little social integration

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4
Q

Durkheim- anomic suicide

A

lack of regulation, unsure of moral direction

eg lottery win or economic ruin

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5
Q

Durkheim- fatalistic suicide

A

excessive regulation eg oppressive regime

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6
Q

Durkheim- altruistic suicide

A

too much integration- self sacrifice

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7
Q

meaning of allosteric binding

A

site other than the primary active site on the receptor.

Positive or negative to increase/decrease the response to the usual ligand

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8
Q

Mnemonic for sensory/motor/both CNs

A

Some Say Money Matters But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More

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9
Q

neuroimaging (eg PET) sign for OCD

A

Hyperactivity within the orbitofrontal cortex

(which is involved in decision-making and response inhibition.)

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10
Q

IT15 aka

A

HTT (huntington’s gene)

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11
Q

migraines, transient ischemic attacks, strokes, or mood disorders between 35 to 55 years of age. The disease progresses to subcortical dementia associated with pseudobulbar palsy and urinary incontinence.

A

CADASIL

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12
Q

FTD genes

A

C9orf72
PGRN
MAPT

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13
Q

methylphenidate moa

A

dopamine and norad reuptake

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14
Q

antipsychotic linked with priapism

A

chlorpromazine

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15
Q

NODS-CLiP used for

A

screen for gambling problem

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16
Q

4 trait theorists of personality

A

allport (central and secondary)
Cattell (factor analysis, 16PF)
Eynseck (PEN)

(Big 5)

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17
Q

3 cognitive behavioural theorists of personality

A

Rotter (expectancy theory- behav, what might happen)

Bandura (reciprocal determinism and self efficacy)

Mischel (person situation theory)

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18
Q

who came up with int/ext locus of control

A

Rotter

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19
Q

2 phenomenological personality theorists

A

Rogers (incongruence btw experience and true feelings/expression, self concept, conditions of worth)

Maslow (self actualisation as a need, deficiency v growth mindset, peak experience)

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20
Q

James-Lang

A

event - arousal- emotion

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21
Q

Cannon Bard

A

event - simultaneous arousal and emotion

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22
Q

singer sachter

A

physiology- context- emotion labelled

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23
Q

lazarus

A

event - thought - emotion

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24
Q

who first came up with IQ

A

stern

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25
fluid and crystallised abilities which theory of intelligence
cattel horn carroll
26
what is a morpholino
binds to a bit of mRNA so it isn't translated in gene editing
27
conditional knockout vs targeted gene knockouts (gene editing)
conditional = cell type specific Targeted = replacing a gene in embryonic cells - all cells
28
what type of CRISPR system is often used
Cas9 (type II)
29
diff btw CRISPR and ZFN/TALENs
CRISPR is RNA guided others are protein guided
30
how to use CRISPR for gene silencing/activation instead of cleaving?
use dead CAS9 (dCas9)
31
what is hiPSC
human induced pluripotent stem cells grown from cells rather than embryo
32
DNA repair mechanism used in gene editing
HDR homology-directed repair
33
gRNA
guide RNA in gene editing
34
what is an endonuclease
An endonuclease is an enzyme that cuts DNA or RNA at specific internal sites within the nucleotide chain, rather than at the ends.
35
MECP2 gene
Retts
36
endogenous process to regulate gene expression and degrade foreign mRNA from phages
RNA interference
37
DBS location for depression
ant cingulate cortex
38
TMS location for depression
DLPFC
39
residual risk of agranulocytosis after 1 year of cloz
0.01%
40
what happens to NTs during sleep stages
norad, serotonin, dopamine and histamine all peak in stage II ACh dips in stage 4 and peaks in REM
41
clomipramine class
TCA
42
carbamazepine can increase plasma levels of which 3 drugs
clomipramine phenytoin primidone
43
what is sibutramine
Monoamine reuptake inhib, also suppresses appetite withdrawn from uk
44
which subtype of gaba receptor is critical for sedation and therefore targeted by benzos and z drugs
alpha-1 subtype of the omega 1 receptor
45
best antipsychotic for hyponatraemia associated with scz
clozapine- increases plasma osmolality
46
sulpiride and amisupride- fga or sga?
sulpiride is first, amisulpride is 2nd
47
general first line adhd rx for adults
stimulants
48
atomoxetine monitorin
LFTs and suicidal thinking
49
first line for ADHD in children
methylphenidate
50
depression HPA findings
raised CRH and raised cortisol blunted ACTH
51
drug for PTSD nightmares
prazosin
52
type of sleep disturbance in PTSD
REM sleep disruption
53
Delusions of control related to what theory of information processing
sensory prediction
54
amphetamine use brain area
striatum
55
Increase in risk when heterozygous for APOE4 homozygous
het- 3-4x more likely homo- 10-15x more
56
endosome function in a cell
degrades lipids
57
what is sertindole
SGA cardiac concerns
58
NPI-C
neuropsychiatric inventory- clinician rated
59
Resting membrane potential
-60mV to -75mV
60
What happens to Na/K channels at rest
K allowed to leak out to maintain negative charge
61
ephaptic transmission
electrical activity of 1 neuron alters the excitability of nearby ones
62
Action potential mV
100
63
how do the different sodium channels work in action potential
-Ion channels open briefly in response to excitatory NTs- small depol -when enough depol, past threshold =action potential- voltage gated Na challens open and Na rushes in
64
what happens at repolarisation
Voltage gated K channels open and allow K+ to leave the neuron
65
what are the channels at gap junctions made of / called
connexin
66
what disease is a gap junction issue
Charcot MT
67
NT most implicated in cognitive deficits of scz
dopamine
67
Caripirazine MOA
D2/5HT1a partial agonist NB lesser 5HT2a antagonism
68
TCAs with worse sexual dysfunction
clomip amitryp imip
69
Rosenthal effect
experimenters expectations are self fulfilling
70
Fractional anisotropy and BPAD- what is it and how does it vary
measure of white matter tract integrity inversely correlated with disease severity Higher FA in lithium, later onset, shorter duration
71
Medium spiny neurons implicated in
Parkinsons (Striatal function)
72
gag reflex CNs
Glosso - sens Vagus- motor
73
periodic limb movement disorder vs restless leg syndrome in sleep
Restless leg- aware and painful
74
nightmares v sleep terrors
sleep terrors- in NREM slow wave sleep, no dream recall, autonomic arousal (similar to nightmares of PTSD). Rare in adults.
75
REM sleep behaviour disorder vs somnambulism
REM sleep- recall vivid dreams (act them out) somnamb- no recollection
76
cell organelle involved in lipid synthesis
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
77
Restless leg is associated with which deficiency
iron
78
Huntington's, hemiballism and PD areas
Hunt- Caudate nucleus Hemiball- Sth nucleus PD- SN pars compacta
79
Nissl substance role in a neuron
protein synthesis
80
what mV is the threshold potential (to then initiate action potential)
-55mV
81
diff between CSF and plasma
everything lower in CSF (including pH) except Cl and Mg higher, and Na the same
82
Environmental dependency syndrome
Over-reliance on environmental cues for how to behave
83
alexia without agraphia area
dominant occipital lobe splenium of corpus callosum
84
longest half life atypical antipsychotic
Aripip- 2w to reach steady state
85
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