Motor Development Flashcards
1
Q
Motor Reflexes in Newborns
A
- Grasping
- Rooting
- Sucking
2
Q
Patterns in Development
A
- Head-down
- Center-out
3
Q
Walking
A
At about 11 to 14 months
4
Q
Brain maturation required for Locomotion
A
- Myelination in areas involved in motor movement
- speeds up neural transmissions for smoother movements
5
Q
Dynamic-Systems Theories
A
- Child is an integrated system
- To develop motor abilities, all systems must be taken into account
- Development as dynamic as systems and environment
- “Evolution” of action
- Variation in strategies
- Selection based on success, efficiency, and novelty
6
Q
Individual Variability
A
- Variability in timing of milestones
- Variability in how children progress from lifting head to walking
- Variability within and between individuals
7
Q
Crawling Variability
A
- Hands and kness
- Bear crawl
- One-legged scoot
8
Q
Cultural Variability
A
- Sitting w/out support at 5 months
- Cameroon: 92%
- US: 17%
- Italy: 0% - Mali
- stretching and suspension exercises with infants
9
Q
“Learning to Learn to Move”
A
- Perceive relationship between body and environment (affordances)
- New postures require new learning
- Process relevant information
- Perception
- Social cues
- Memory
10
Q
Benefits to Tracking Milestones
A
- Early diagnoses for atypical development
- Expectations for first-time parents & Eases anxiety
- Allows parents to have conversations with other adults in child’s life about how to facilitate development
11
Q
Downsides to Tracking Milestones
A
- Fosters unproductive comparisons between children’s development
- Can cause unnecessary stress or frustration when child misses milestone
12
Q
Challenges to Tracking Milestones
A
- Cultural variability
- Individual variability
- Different for premature or LBW infants
