ms 9

Question 1

Aut position adjust

Answer 1

= automatically adjust posture, position awareness + allows mvmts and transitions to engage with environment

Question 2

APA timeline

Answer 2

1m = 1m, infant shows good response to traction, primary standing, ATNR, STNR. > 8m, automatic postural adjustment of trunk/limbs as they move between positions > 12m, child moving independently -crawling and pulling to stand

Question 3

APA Ax =

Answer 3

<8 = 1. Observe, 2. If 4< months, Infant patterns 3.compression and approximation 4. Traction 5. Gross motor facilitation eg stretch > body > body
*+ put in awkward position to see if can get out of it

Question 4

prop info

Answer 4

Proprioceptive information from muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs, joint receptors and cutaneous proprioceptors (stretch of skin) allow an infant/child to determine their exact position in both static and moving situations
DON’T CONFUSE – VESITB IS BODY POS IN SPACE

Question 5

Joint position sense - hands

Answer 5

= cab’t do under 4ys as too complex, limbs = can’t do for 2

Ability to copy ….. positions using visual cueing or prioprioceptive

Question 6

Joint position sense - hands ages

Answer 6

Hands = 4y (wrist and hands via visual), 5y = via prop, 6= thumb/finger + midrange/complex, 7 pinky, ring finger dissociation, 2 finger positions

Question 7

Joint position sense limbs

Answer 7

Limbs = 2.5y – 3d, 3-4= 3D, 4 = 3d + asym., 5 = cross midline, midrange with no vis

Question 8

Static arm hold =

Answer 8

feet comfortably apart, head up and central, stretch arms straight out in front of body with palms facing downwards. Test EO and EC, hold for 10 – 20 secs. Test 4yr+
RHOMBERG

Question 9

Reaction 2 rotation:

Answer 9

Ability to maintain postural control and display normal post-rotatory nystagmus
L SSC stimulated when turn to left, On abrupt ceasation of rotations the horizontal SCC continue to be stimulated until equilibirum is returned (causing post-­rotatory reponses)

Question 10

Reaction 2 rotation response

Answer 10

It is normally opposite to the direction of the previous body rotation and usually lasts for 4 or more beats of nystagmus. Some trunk extension and lean to opposite side ± very mild instability is normal.
Eg turn ledt , nystagmus to R

Question 11

reaction 2 rotation Results:

Answer 11

1M = few beats + head lift + neck and trunk E
2y = normal nystag.+ some inc. in postural trunk Ext tone
4 = normal nystag., posturally lean into spine, maints. Control of body/readjusts without cessation
Ab = >20 beats, wrong direction of nystag., balance,
DO NOT assess if child has glue ear unless grommets in place

Question 12

reaction 2 rotation Pre‐test:

Answer 12

If any signs of fear, cerebellar involvement or low threshold to spin make sure you check response first with a few slow turns. Observe for excessive eye movement, loss of postural stability or muscle tone, body tremor or change in skin colour of face (blanching or blush). If any adverse signs CEASE. If normal, wait 3 mins then do actuall test

Question 13

reaction 2 rotation Ax

Answer 13

Number of rotations per age: 1 per month for first 6 months. 6 turns up to 18 months then most children tolerate 8 turns.
[stop watch to time recovery between tests]
5 sec/turn <2y, 2sec/turn >2y
Ax : WAIT 1-2MINS THEN ROTATE TO OTHER SIDE. 4+ use blindfold/CLOSE EYES