MSK

Question 1

What is the initial cell types involved in the two types of ossification?

Answer 1

Endochondral ossification - Chondrocytes
Intermembranous ossification - Mesenchymal stem cells

Question 2

At what age do limbs start to develop?

Answer 2

4 weeks

Question 3

An x-ray shows trabeculae, what stage of fracture healing is this?

Answer 3

Lamellar bone formation

Question 4

Which imaging technique for metastatic cancer?

Answer 4

Nuclear imaging

Question 5

Where would an avulsion fracture be seen with a hamstring tear?

Answer 5

Ischial tuberosity

Question 6

What are the nerve roots of the nerve supplying gluteus maximus?

Answer 6

L5, S1, S2 (inferior gluteal nerve)

Question 7

Which region of the tibia does the ACL insert on?

Answer 7

Anteromedial
(ACL close to MCL & medial meniscus)

Question 8

Which muscles insert at the ‘pes anserinus’ (medial proximal tibia)?

Answer 8

Sartorius
Gracillis
semiTendinosus
(Say Grace before Tea)

Question 9

Which muscles should be strengthened to prevent further patellar dislocations?

Answer 9

Vastus medialis

Question 10

Where is the pre-patellar bursa?

Answer 10

House-maids knee
Slightly superior to patella as leaning forward

Question 11

Which structure lies anterior to the poster tibial artery

Answer 11

Flexor digitorum longus tendon

Tom (Tibialis posterior)
Dick (flexor Digitorum longus)
And (posterior tibial Artery)
Very (posterior tibial Vein)
Nervous (tibial Nerve)
Harry (flexor Hallucis longus)
[ant to post]

Question 12

Which nerve effected with a disc herniation below L5?

Answer 12

L5/S1
So S1 nerve root

Question 13

A patient has foot drop, where is his disc herniation?

Answer 13

L3/L4

Question 14

A woman has pain/paresthesia radiating from her back to sole of foot, what’s the diagnosis?

Answer 14

Sciatica to S1 dermatome

Question 15

A woman can dorsiflex her ankle but cannot plantarflex or great toe extend, what is her neural level?

Answer 15

L4

Question 16

Where is L3?

Answer 16

Anterior knee ( knee - three)

Question 17

Swollen knee after tiling floor, diagnosis?

Answer 17

Pre-patellar bursitis

Question 18

A patient is unable to evert his foot, what nerve is damaged?

Answer 18

Superficial fibular nerve

Question 19

What function will a patient lose with a popliteal aneurysm compressing the tibial nerve?

Answer 19

Plantarflextion (P - Post)

Question 20

Where do you find the dorsalis pedis pulse?

Answer 20

Between extensor hallucis longus tendon and extensor digitorum longus tendon to the 2nd toe

Question 21

Nerve consequence of fibula fracture?

Answer 21

Common fibular nerve (wraps around fibula)
Unable to dorsiflex

Question 22

Whats the sensory function of the saphenous nerve?

Answer 22

Medial leg & medial malleolus

Question 23

Where does the sciatic nerve exit the pelvis?

Answer 23

Greater sciatic foramen

Question 24

What artery accompanies the sciatic nerve exiting through the greater sciatic foramen?

Answer 24

Inferior gluteal artery

Question 25

How will the patient present with a sciatic nerve injury just as it exits the pelvis?

Answer 25

Hip flexion - present Hip extension - Weak (hamstrings not working, glut maximus ok though) Knee flexion - absent Dorsiflexion - absent

Question 26

A nerve is completely severed through the epineurium, perineurium and endoneurium - what's the term for this called?

Answer 26

Neurotmesis

Question 27

What's a traumatic neuroma?

Answer 27

A disordered proliferation of axons resulting in a tangled mass Can get a nodule or pain

Question 28

What forms the anterior border of the axilla?

Answer 28

Pec major

Question 29

At what anatomical region does the axillary artery begin?

Answer 29

Border of the first rib

Question 30

Weakened internal rotation of the shoulder, which rotator cuff muscle is torn?

Answer 30

Subscapularis

Question 31

Which artery is at risk in a surgical neck of humerus fracture?

Answer 31

Posterior circumflex humoral artery

Question 32

At what joint does biceps brachii supinate?

Answer 32

Proximal radioulnar joint

Question 33

What forms the lateral aspect of the cubital tunnel?

Answer 33

Olecranon

Question 34

What nerve is at risk with a humoral supracondylar fracture?

Answer 34

Median nerve

Question 35

Which structure is most medial in the cubital fossa?

Answer 35

Median Nerve Really Need (Radial nerve) Beer To (Biceps Tendon) Be At (Brachial artery) My Nicest (Median nerve) [lat to medial]

Question 36

What forms the medial border of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 36

Extensor pollicus longus

Question 37

Function of the flexor digitorum supericialis?

Answer 37

Flexion of PIP

Question 38

Lumbricals function?

Answer 38

Lumbricals 1+2 - lateral fingers 3+4 - medial fingers Flex MCP and extends PIP/DIP

Question 39

How would you asses the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve of a child?

Answer 39

Get them to make an OK sign

Question 40

Where is the radial and ulnar pulse palpated?

Answer 40

Radial pulse = lateral to flexor carpi radialis Ulnar pulse = lateral to flexor ulnari radialis

Question 41

Where would you see a 'fat pad' sign on x-ray?

Answer 41

Radial head/neck