Muscle disorders W4 Flashcards
what is myopathy
disease of muscle
what is myositis
inflammation of muscle
what is myalgia
pain arising from muscles
what is muscular dystrophy
a large group of hereditary disorders featuring abnormal muscle development and function
general clinical features of muscle disorders
proximal weakness
issues rising from sitting, climbing stairs, lifting arms above head
weakness not fatigable
reflexes may still be present
waddling gait
pain
additional features of muscle disorders?
dysmorphia - selective atrophy of specific muscles
associations eg diabetes, cardiomyopathy, deafness in some myopathies
gowers sign?
common in Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
use of arms to provide support while standing
indicates weakness of pelvic girdle
scapular winging?
abnormal posture seen when patient stretches arms forward leaning against wall
Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy?
X-linked
mutation in dystrophin gene
manifests age 3-6
pelvic girdle weakness (then shoulders, trunk, arms)
calf pseudohypertrophy
typically wheelchair-dependant by teens
associated with cardiac and respiratory failure
calf pseudohypertrophy?
muscle infiltration by fat
polymyositis?
acquired inflammatory muscle disorder
inflammation in many muscles
progressive proximal weakness
subacute tempo
associated muscle pain
what other diseases is polymyositis linked to
interstitial lung disease
paraneoplastic syndrome - arises with cancer
paraneoplastic meaning?
neurological damage arising as a side effect of an underlying cancer
polymyositis - test results?
CK elevated
inflammatory pattern on muscle biopsy
myalgia?
aches and pains in muscles
may be associated difficulty with movements (distinguish limitation due to pain from true weakness)
