muscle function Flashcards by Amy Kreienkamp

Orbicularis oris

Oral sphinchter

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Nasalis

Transverse fibers compress & alar fibers widen the nasal aperature

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Buccinator [L. bucca, cheek]

Compresses cheek

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Levator labii superioris

Raises & everts upper lip

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Levator anguli oris

Raises angle of the mouth

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Zygomaticus major [G. zygon, yoke, a joining or pair]

Raises the buccal angle

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Platysma [G. platys, flat, broad]

Wrinkles the anterior nuccal skin

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Depressor anguli oris

Depresses buccal angle laterally

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Depressor labii inferioris

Draws lower lip downward

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Mentalis

Raises lower lip

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Frontalis

Protracts the scalp or elevates eyebrows & nose

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Orbicularis oculi

Palpebral sphinchter

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Lateral rectus

Abduction of the eye

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Inferior rectus [L. straight]

Depression, adduction & extorsion of eye

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Inferior oblique

Elevation, abduction and extorsion of the eye

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Medial rectus

Adduction of the eye

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Levator palpebrae superioris

Elevation of the upper lid

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Superior rectus

Elevation, adduction & intorsion of the eye

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Superior oblique

Abduction, depression & intorsion of the eye

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Temporalis

Elevation & retraction (posterior aspect of the muscle) of the mandible

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Masseter

Elevation, protraction and retraction (deep fibers) the mandible

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Lateral pterygoid

Protraction of the mandible & acts with the ipsilateral medial pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce the side-to-side movements during trituration of food

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Medial pterygoid

Elevation of the mandible & acts with the ipsilateral lateral pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce the side-to-side movements during trituration of food

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Sternocleidomastoid

Flexion of the head & neck, & contralateral rotation of the head

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Omohyoid (G. omos, shoulder)

Depression of the hyoid

Sternohyoid

Depresses the hyoid

Sternothyroid

Depression of the elevated larynx

Posterior digastric

Depression of the mandible or elevation of the hyoid

Stylohyoid

Elevation & retraction of the hyoid

Mylohyoid

Elevation of the floor of the oral cavity

Anterior digastric

Depression of the mandible or elevation of the hyoid

Scalenus medius

Elevation of 1st rib (during forced inspiration) & lateral flexion of the neck

Scalenus posterior

Elevation of the rib (during forced inspiration)

Scalenus anterior

Elevation of 1st rib (during forced inspiration) & flexion & rotation of the neck

Longus capitis

Flexion of the head & neck

Longus colli (L. neck)

Flexion of the neck

Geniohyoid

Elevation & anterior displacement of the hyoid, or depression of the mandible with a fixed hyoid

Thyrohyoid

Depression of the hyoid or elevation of the thyroid cartilage

Semispinalis cervicis

Extension of the neck

Splenius capitis (G. splenion, bandage)

Extension & lateral flexion of the head

Semispinalis capitis

Extension of the head

Splenius cervicis

Together extend neck; single side does ipsilateral rotation

Longissimus capitis

Extension & ipsilateral rotation of the head

Rectus capitis posterior major

Extension of the head

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Extension of the head

Obliquus capitis inferior

Ipsilateral rotation of the head

Obliquus capitis superior

Posterolateral flexion of the head

Genioglossus

Protrusion of the tongue

Styloglossus

Elevation & retraction of the tongue

Hyoglossus (G. glossa, tongue)

Depression of the tongue

Tensor veli palatini

Unilateral deviation & bilateral tension of the soft palate

Musculus uvulae (L. uva, grape)

Aids in palatopharyngeal closure

Palatoglossus

Elevation of the root of the tongue & approximation of the palatoglossal folds

Palatopharyngeus

Elevation of the pharynx & approximation of the palatopharyngeal folds

Levator veli palatini

Elevates the soft palate

Stylopharyngeus

Elevation of the pharyngeal wall

Middle constrictor

General sphinchteric & peristalic action in swallowing

Superior constrictor

General sphinchteric & peristalic action in swallowing

Inferior constrictor

General sphinchteric & peristalic action in swallowing

Salpingopharyngeus (G. salpinx, trumpet)

Elevation of the superior lateral aspect of the pharyngeal wall

Cricothyroid

Tenses the vocal folds

Interarytenoids (transverse & oblique)

Closes glottis & assists in closing aryepiglottic folds

Lateral cricoarytenoid (G. krikos, a ring)

Closes glottis (adducts the vocal folds)

Thyroarytenoid

Closes glottis or slackens vocal folds

Aryepiglotticus

Closes the aryepiglottic folds

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Opens the glottis (abducts the vocal folds)

Vocalis

Slackens tensed vocal ligaments for changes in pitch

Thyroepiglotticus

Widens glottis

Stapedius

Dampens vibrations of the stapes

Tensor tympani

Dampens movement of the malleus

muscle function Flashcards

(70 cards)