Muscular System Flashcards
(25 cards)
Describe type1 muscle fibres
▪︎slow twitch fibres
▪︎Red in colour
▪︎Contain lots of myoglobin
▪︎contains lots of mitochondria
▪︎have many capillaries surrounding them
▪︎slow to contact
▪︎Slow to fatigue
▪︎used for low intensity/long duration
Describe type 2 muscle fibres
▪︎white in colour
▪︎do not require oxygen
▪︎contract rapidly
▪︎Fatigue quickly
▪︎used for high intensity
Describe skeletal muscles?
▪︎striped appearance
▪︎only shorten in one direction
▪︎used to move the body to perform conscious actions
▪︎can work aerobic +anaerobic
Describe cardiac muscles?
▪︎only found in the heart
▪︎striped in appearance
▪︎Fibres branch off and connect to one another
▪︎only work using aerobic energy system
▪︎involuntary contraction
▪︎activated by hearts electrical impulse
Describe smooth muscles
▪︎found all around body
▪︎not striped
▪︎contract in all directions
▪︎contract=constriction (narrowing) of blood vessels/organs
▪︎relax=vessels/organs dilates
▪︎work without oxygen
What is fascia (skeletal muscle)?
Connective tissue wrapping
What is the outer layer of fascia (skeletal muscles)?
▪︎epimysium
▪︎surrounds entire muscle
▪︎continuous with tendons that connect the muscle to bone
What is the middle layer of fascia (skeletal muscles)?
▪︎perimysium
▪︎surrounds bundle of muscle fibres
▪︎
What is the inner layer of fascia (skeletal muscles)?
▪︎endometrium
▪︎surrends each muscle fibre
What’s inside each muscle fibre?
Myofibrils which is responsible for muscle contraction
What does anterior mean?
Front of body
What does posterior mean?
Back of body
What does medial mean?
Towards the middle of the body
What does Lateral mean?
Away from the middle of the body
What does superior mean?
Upper body/above
What does inferior mean?
Lower body/below
What are the two main types of muscle contraction?
Isotonic and isometric
Describe isotonic contractions
▪︎phase 1=concentric phase/lifting phase/muscle shortens
▪︎phase 2=eccentric phase/lowering phase/muscle gets longer
☆concentric=lifting up to Clouds
☆eccentric =lowering down to Earth
Describe isometric contractions
▪︎muscle contracts/tension created/ muscle length does not change
▪︎e.g plank+wall sit
▪︎can cause increase in blood pressure
What does agonist mean (,creating movement)
The major muscle working
What does antagonist mean (creating movement)?
The opposing muscle to the agonist
What does synergist mean( creating movement) ?
Smaller helping muscles to aid the agonist
What are fixators (creating movement)?
Act as stabilisers
Describe single joint exercises?
▪︎use one joint to perform motion
▪︎also called isolation exer
▪︎tend to focus on one muscle group
