Muscular System - Muscle Physiology Terminology Flashcards
What is a concentric muscle contraction?
Contraction where a muscle shortens
What is an eccentric muscle contraction?
contraction where the muscle lengthens
What is an isometric contraction?
A muscle contraction occurs, but no change in muscle length results
What isotonic muscle contraction?
In an isotonic contraction, tension remains the same, whilst the muscle’s length changes
What is the difference between an isotonic and an isokinetic contraction?
an isotonic contraction will keep force constant while velocity changes, but an isokinetic contraction will keep velocity constant while force changes.
What is hypertrophy
An increase in muscle size
What is atrophy
A decrease in muscle size
What is an agonist muscle?
The muscle that is contracting is called the agonist. Also, know as the muscle primarily responsible for movement around a joint
What is a antagonist muscle
A muscle or muscles that act in opposition to the agonist muscles (the muscle that is relaxing or lengthening is called the antagonist)
What are the 3 primary muscle tissue type found in the body?
Cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle, Skeletal muscle
What is the purpose of the cardiac muscle?
Is responsible for contracting and relaxing the heart to pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the body.
What is the purpose of smooth muscle?
Involuntary muscles surround organs to protect against outside forces. They are found in the walls of all your hollow visceral organs
What are skeletal muscles?
These are the muscles that provide movement of the body
What are the two types of muscle contractions?
Voluntary and involuntary muscle contractions
What are voluntary muscle contractions?
These muscle contractions are controlled by the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the origin of the contraction is a conscious thought by the brain.
