The Muscular Sysem - Muscles of the Body: Upper Body Musculature

Question 1

Into what three parts is the pectoralis major divided into?

Answer 1

The clavicular part, the sternocostal part, and the abdominal part

Question 2

Where does the pectoralis major originate from?

Answer 2

Clavicular part: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle.

Sternocostal part: anterior surface of sternum, Costal cartilages of ribs 1-6.

Abdominal part: Anterior layer of the rectus sheath.

Question 3

Where does the pectoralis major insert?

Answer 3

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus.

Question 4

What are the actions of the pectoralis major muscle?

Answer 4

Arm adduction, arm internal rotation, arm flexion, and extension.

Question 5

Where does the pectoralis minor originate from?

Answer 5

Anterior surface, costal cartilages of ribs 3-5

Question 6

Where does the pectoralis minor insert?

Answer 6

Medial border and coracoid process of scapula.

Question 7

What are the actions of the pectoralis minor?

Answer 7

To draw the scapula anteroinferiorly, and stabilizes scapula on the thoracic wall.

Question 8

Where does the latissimus dorsi muscle originate from?

Answer 8

The inferior angle of the scapula, spinous processes of T7 -T12, inferior 3rd or 4th ribs, posterior third of the iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

Question 9

Where does the latissimus dorsi insert?

Answer 9

Intertubercular groove of the humerus, between pectoralis major and teres major muscles

Question 10

What are the functions of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

Answer 10

primarily responsible for adduction, extension, horizontal abduction, and internal rotation of the shoulder joint. It also assists in stabilizing the LPHC.

Question 11

Where does the trapezius muscle insert?

Answer 11

Spine of the scapula, acromion, & lateral third of the clavicle.

Question 12

Where does the trapezius muscle originate from?

Answer 12

Spinous processes of C7 - T12 vertebra, Nuchal ligament, Superior nuchal line, & occipital ptuberance

Question 13

What are the functions of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 13

Lateral flexion of the neck, cervical extension, scapular elevation, rotation, depression, retraction.

Question 14

Where does the serratus anterior muscle originate from?

Answer 14

Lateral surface of 1 - 8/9 ribs

Question 15

Where does the serratus anterior muscle insert?

Answer 15

Superior angle, medial border, & inferior angle of the scapula

Question 16

What are the actions of the serratus anterior muscle?

Answer 16

Its function is to protract, stabilize, and provide upward rotation of the scapula.

Question 17

Where does the rhomboid major originate from?

Answer 17

Spinous process of vertebrae T2-T5

Question 18

Where does the rhomboid major insert?

Answer 18

Medial border of scapula (from inferior angle to root of spine of scapula)

Question 19

Where does the rhomboid minor originate from?

Answer 19

Nuchal ligament, Spinous processes of vertebrae C7 - T1

Question 20

Where does the rhomboid minor insert?

Answer 20

Root (medial end) of the scapular spine

Question 21

What are the actions of the rhomboid muscles?

Answer 21

Stabilizes, retracts, and rotates the scapula.

Question 22

Where does the levator scapulae originate from?

Answer 22

Transverse processes of vertebrae C1-C4

Question 23

Where does the levator scapulae insert?

Answer 23

Upper medial border of scapula

Question 24

What are the actions of the levator scapulae?

Answer 24

Assists in scapular retraction, lateral flexion, and neck extension.

Question 25

The deltoid consists of what three heads?

Answer 25

Anterior, lateral, and posterior heads

Question 26

Where does the anterior deltiod head originate from?

Answer 26

the superior surface and the anterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle.

Question 27

Where does the anterior deltiod head originate from?

Answer 27

The superior surface and the anterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle.

Question 28

Where does the lateral deltoid head originate from?

Answer 28

From the lateral margin and superior surface of the acromion of the scapula.

Question 29

Where does the posterior deltoid head originate from

Answer 29

From the lateral 1/3 of the spine of scapula, on the crest.

Question 30

Where does all three heads of the deltoid muscle insert?

Answer 30

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 31

What are the actions of the deltoid muscle?

Answer 31

Shoulder flexion, internal rotation of the humerus, arm abduction, shoulder extension, and also provides dynamic support the glenohumeral joint.

Question 32

What are the actions of the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 32

To provide mobility and stability to the glenohumeral joint. The rhomboids and trapezius provide mobility and stability to the scapula.

Question 33

Where does the infraspinatus muscle originate from?

Answer 33

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Question 34

Where does the infraspinatus insert?

Answer 34

Greater tubercle of humerus

Question 35

What are the actions of the infraspinatus muscle?

Answer 35

Arm external rotation and stabilizes humeral head in the glenoid cavity.

Question 36

Where does the teres minor muscle originate from?

Answer 36

Lateral border of scapula

Question 37

Where does the teres minor muscle insert?

Answer 37

The posterior surface of the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Question 38

What are the actions of the teres minor muscle?

Answer 38

External rotation or the arm, arm adduction and stabilizes humeral head in glenoid cavity.

Question 39

Where does the subscapularis muscle originate from?

Answer 39

Subscapular fossa of scapula

Question 40

Where does the subscapularis muscle insert?

Answer 40

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 41

What are the functions of the subscapularis muscle

Answer 41

Internal rotation of the arm, and stabilizes the humeral head in the glenoid cavity

Question 42

Where does the supraspinatus originate from?

Answer 42

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula.

Question 43

Where does the supraspinatus insert?

Answer 43

The greater tubercle of the humerus.

Question 44

What are the actions of the supraspinatus

Answer 44

Abduction of the arm and stabilization of the humeral head in the glenoid cavity

Question 45

Where do the short head and the long head of the biceps brachii originate from?

Answer 45

Short head originates from Coracoid process of the scapula.

Long head originates from the Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.

Question 46

Where does the bicep brachii insert?

Answer 46

Radial tuberosity of the radius and deep fascia of forearm

Question 47

What are the actions of the bicep brachii?

Answer 47

Flexion and supination of the forearm at the elbow joint

Question 48

The three heads of the tricep brachii are called….

Answer 48

Long head, medial head, and lateral head

Question 49

Where does the long head of the tricep brachii originate from?

Answer 49

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Question 50

Where does the medial head of the tricep brachii originate from?

Answer 50

posterior surface of the humerus (below to radial groove)

Question 51

Where does the lateral head of the tricep brachii originate from?

Answer 51

posterior surface of the humerus (above the radial groove)

Question 52

Where does the tricep brachii insert?

Answer 52

Olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

Question 53

Where does the brachioradialis originate from?

Answer 53

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus, lateral intermuscular septum of arm

Question 54

Where does the brachioradialis insert?

Answer 54

(Proximal to) styloid process of the radius

Question 55

What are the actions of the brachioradialis muscle?

Answer 55

Forearm flexion (when semi pronated)

Question 56

Where does the trapezius muscle insert?

Answer 56

Spine of the scapula, acromion, & lateral third of the clavicle.