Musculoskeletal Assessment

Question 1

What is bone made up of?

Answer 1

living structure made up of tough organic matrix strengthened by deposits of calcium phosphate

Question 2

What are the two types of bones?

Answer 2

Compact: forms the shaft and outer layer

Cancellous bone: makes up the ends and the center

Question 3

What are the different types of muscles?

Answer 3

cardiac, smooth or skeletal

Question 4

What do skeletal muscles consist of?

Answer 4

Fibers bound together in bundles and attached to bone by tendons

Question 5

Cartilage

Answer 5

Allows bones to slide over one another, reduces friction, prevents damage, absorbs shock

Question 6

Tendons

Answer 6

connects muscles to bones

Question 7

Ligaments

Answer 7

connect bone bone to stabilize joints and limit movement

Question 8

Bursae

Answer 8

fluid filled sacs in the area of friction to cushion bones or ligaments that might rub together

Question 9

Meniscus

Answer 9

cartilage disc between bone to absorb shock and cushion joints

Question 10

Fascia

Answer 10

flat sheets that line and protect muscle fibers, attach muscle to bone, provide structure for nerves, blood vessels, and lumphatics

Question 11

Fibrous (Synarthrotic) joint

Answer 11

immovable, such as sutures in the skull

Question 12

Cartilaginous (amphiarthrotic) joint

Answer 12

slightly moveable, such as the costal cartilage between the sternum and the ribs

Question 13

Synovial joint

Answer 13

freely moveable, ball and socket, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, gliding

Question 14

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)

Answer 14

where the mandible and temporal bone and articulate

Question 15

Flexion

Answer 15

decreases the angle between bones or brings bones together

Question 16

Extension

Answer 16

increases the angle to a straight line or zero degrees

Question 17

Hyperextension

Answer 17

extension beyond the neutral position

Question 18

abduction

Answer 18

movement of a part away from the body

Question 19

adduction

Answer 19

movement of a part towards the body

Question 20

Rotation

Answer 20

turning the joint around longitudinal axis

Question 21

Circumduction

Answer 21

a circular motion that combines flexion, externsion, abduction, adduction

Question 22

Inversion

Answer 22

turning the sole of the foot inward

Question 23

Eversion

Answer 23

turning the sole of the foot outward

Question 24

Protraction

Answer 24

moving a body part forward and parallel to the ground

Question 25

Retraction

Answer 25

moving a body part backward and parallel to the ground

Question 26

Elevation

Answer 26

moving a body part upward

Question 27

Depression

Answer 27

Moving a body part downward

Question 28

Opposition

Answer 28

moving the thumb to touch the little finger

Question 29

The scapula and clavicle connect to form the?

Answer 29

Shoulder girdle

Question 30

Elbow

Answer 30

Articulation of the humerous, radius, and ulna