Musculoskeletal System: Muscle Action

Question 1

TMJ Depression

Answer 1

Lateral pterygoid
Suprahyoid
Infrahyoid

Question 2

TMJ Elevation

Answer 2

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid

Question 3

TMJ Protrusion

Answer 3

Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid

Question 4

TMJ Retrusion

Answer 4

Temporalis
Masseter
Digastric

Question 5

TMJ Side-to-Side

Answer 5

Ipsilateral Masseter
Ipsilateral Temporalis
Contralateral Medial pterygoid
Contralateral Lateral pterygoid

Question 6

Cervical Flexion

Answer 6

SCM
Longus Colli
Scalene muscles

Question 7

Cervical Extension

Answer 7

Splenius cervicis
Semispinalis
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Multifidus
Trapezius

Question 8

Cervical Lateral Bending

Answer 8

SCM

Scalene muscles

Question 9

Cervical Rotation

Answer 9

Ipsilateral Splenius Cervicis and Capitis

Contralateral Scalenes, SCM, and Upper Trapezius

Question 10

Thoracolumbar Flexion

Answer 10

Rectus abdominis
Internal Oblique
External Oblique

Question 11

Thoracolumbar Extension

Answer 11

Erector spinae
Quadratus lumborum
Multifidus

Question 12

Thoracolumbar Lateral Bending

Answer 12

All Ipsilateral:
External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Erector spinae
QL
Psoas Major (assists)
Latissimus Dorsi (assists)

Question 13

Thoracolumbar Rotation

Answer 13

Ipsilateral Internal Oblique

Contralateral External Oblique, Multifidi, and Rotatores

Question 14

Scapula Elevation

Answer 14

Upper Trapezius

Levator Scapulae

Question 15

Scapula Depression

Answer 15

Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis Major and Minor
Lower trapezius

Question 16

Scapula Protraction

Answer 16

Serratus anterior

Pectoralis minor

Question 17

Scapula Retraction

Answer 17

Trapezius

Rhomboids

Question 18

Scapula Upward Rotation

Answer 18

Upper Trapezius

Serratus anterior

Question 19

Scapula Downward Rotation

Answer 19

Levator Scapulae
Rhomboids
Pectoralis minor

Question 20

Shoulder Flexion

Answer 20

Anterior Deltoid
Coracobrachialis
Pectoralis Major
Biceps Brachii

Question 21

Shoulder Extension

Answer 21

Latissimus dorsi
Posterior Deltoid
Teres Major
Triceps, Long Head

Question 22

Shoulder Abduction

Answer 22

Middle Deltoid

Supraspinatus

Question 23

Shoulder Adduction

Answer 23

Pectoralis Major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

Question 24

Shoulder External Rotation

Answer 24

Teres minor
Infraspinatus
Posterior deltoid

Question 25

Shoulder Internal Rotation

Answer 25

``` Subscapularis Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis major Anterior Deltoid ```

Question 26

Elbow Flexion

Answer 26

Biceps Brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis

Question 27

Elbow Extension

Answer 27

Triceps brachii | Anconeus

Question 28

Radioulnar Supination

Answer 28

Biceps Brachii | Supinator

Question 29

Radioulnar Pronation

Answer 29

Pronator Teres | Pronator Quadratus

Question 30

Wrist Flexion

Answer 30

Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus

Question 31

Wrist Extension

Answer 31

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis | Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Question 32

Wrist Radial Deviation

Answer 32

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus/Brevis Flexor Carpi Radialis Extensor Pollicis Longus/Brevis

Question 33

Wrist Ulnar Deviation

Answer 33

Extensor carpi ulnaris | Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 34

Hip Flexion

Answer 34

Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus Femoris Pectineus

Question 35

Hip Extension

Answer 35

Gluteus Maximus and Medius Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris

Question 36

Hip Abduction

Answer 36

``` Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Piriformis Obturator internus Tensor fasciae latae ```

Question 37

Hip Adduction

Answer 37

Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Gracilis

Question 38

Hip Internal Rotation

Answer 38

``` TFL Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Pectineus Adductor Longus ```

Question 39

Hip External Rotation

Answer 39

``` Gluteus Maximus Obturator Externus Obturator Internus Piriformis (below 90 degrees of hip flexion) Gemellus Sartorius ```

Question 40

Knee Flexion

Answer 40

Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Sartorius

Question 41

Knee Extension

Answer 41

Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medius Vastus Intermedius

Question 42

Ankle Plantar Flexion

Answer 42

``` Tibialis posterior Gastrocnemius Soleus Peroneus Longus/Brevis Plataris Flexor Hallucis ```

Question 43

Ankle Dorsiflexion

Answer 43

Tibialis anterior Extensor Hallucis longus Extensor digitorum Longus Peroneus Tertius

Question 44

Ankle Inversion

Answer 44

Tibialis posterior Tibialis anterior Flexor digitorum longus

Question 45

Ankle Eversion

Answer 45

Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Peroneus Tertius